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Plate Tectonics

Plate Tectonics. Evolution of the Earth. This Powerpoint is hosted on www.worldofteaching.com Please visit for 100’s more free powerpoints. How do we know anything about the Earth. Page 20,22:. Pg. 20 3 Column Vocab Mid ocean Ridge Sea floor spreading Plate Tectonics Asthenosphere

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Plate Tectonics

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  1. Plate Tectonics Evolution of the Earth This Powerpoint is hosted on www.worldofteaching.com Please visit for 100’s more free powerpoints

  2. How do we know anything about the Earth

  3. Page 20,22: Pg. 20 3 Column Vocab • Mid ocean Ridge • Sea floor spreading • Plate Tectonics • Asthenosphere • Lithosphere • Convection cell • Pangaea Pg. 22 8. Subductionzone 9. Rifting 10. Divergent boundary 11. Convergent boundary 12. Transform boundary **Not all terms are in glossary—some are italicized within the chapter

  4. How to do 3 column vocab. Word Definition Picture

  5. Page 16 How are scientists able to study the composition and size of the interior layers of the Earth? • By direct observation • By analyzing surface rock samples • By using seismic waves • By deep drilling into the interior layers

  6. Page 16 • Which statement BEST describes how new scientific views become accepted? • A group of scientists come to common agreement over an idea at the same time. • New ideas become a theory when hypotheses are proven to be correct. • When a theory gains so much support it becomes a scientific law. • When observations of our natural world produce plausible explanations.

  7. In: pg 18,19 • Watch the movie clip “ The Earth’s Interior” and write down 15 facts. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

  8. Use the diagrams below to answer the question. Page 16 • Which type of plate boundary is shown in the diagram? • Divergent • Transform • Convergent • Universal

  9. Page 16 • Prior to Alfred Wegener’s theory of continental drift geologists thought continents were fixed in their locations. In developing his theory which of the following evidence was NOT used by Wegener? • Fossil similarities between southern continents. • Evidence of polarity change in found along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. • Similarities in the paleoclimates of South America and Africa. • The apparent fact the South America and Africa seemed to fit together.

  10. 20 21,23,25 Earth’s interior Chapter 10 Warm up Wrap up

  11. Interior

  12. Interior

  13. Thru 1: Pg 21 The Earth’s Interior Questions • Read the front and complete the questions on the back. • Tape in as a flap

  14. Thru 1: pg. 21Please copy this concept map and then complete it by filling in one appropriate descriptor at the end of each arrow. Use pages 239-241 in the textbook. When discovered Scientist Definition Theory of Continental Drift Supporting Evidence What is missing? Rock Formations Climatic Continents Fossils

  15. Quiz #1 Sep. Sheet • Pg. 25 What is the title of Ch. 10? • Pg. 27 What is the answer to #2? • Pg. 27 What is the answer to #10? • Pg. 27 How thick is the core? • Pg. 29 What is the answer to #5? • Pg. 29 What is the answer to #10? • Pg. 31 What was the name of the scientist who came up with the Theory of Continental Drift? • Pg. 31 The Theory of Continental Drift says that the continents are___________.

  16. Thru 2 Pg. 23-use the supercontinent on pg. 33 and the book to answer these questions. Analysis Questions: • What are 3 pieces of evidence you used to fit together the continents? • Why is this called a supercontinent? • How does this model help support the Theory of Continental Drift? • Why aren’t the continents still in this location today? Pg. 25 Supercontinent Cutout. Cutout the continents and fit them together to make the supercontinent that Wegener proposed. Glue them on this page.

  17. Alfred Wegener Theory of continental drift

  18. Harry Hammond HessHarry Hess commanding the USS Cape Johnson. • Born May 24, 1906 Died August 25, 1969 Suggested that the convection of the Earth's mantle was the driving force behind plate tectonics. .

  19. Tectonic Plates Today plate boundaries are determined by examining the location of volcanoes and earthquakes. Volcanoes result from the friction (heat) of the plates motion. Earthquakes occur where plate rub against one another

  20. Tectonic Plates

  21. Tectonic Plates

  22. Tectonic Plates

  23. Tectonic Plates

  24. Evidence of Continental Drift

  25. Pangea • What is Pangaea? • Pangaea was a super continent at one time. • Scientists use the similarity of rock types and fossil types that date to the same age to support their theory that the continents were connected to form a super continent. • The map below give just one example of areas on different continents that show the same fossils and rock types.

  26. Pangea • Pangea

  27. Tectonic PlatesEvidence Our first evidence of tectonic motion is based on similar fossils and rock types on opposing sides of the ocean

  28. Tectonic Plates

  29. Tectonic Plates Radioactive Dating Another source of evidence is based on seafloor ages which get younger as we approach sea floor ridges

  30. Tectonic Plates Our final piece of evidence is the magnetic record of the ocean floor. This shows the pattern of reversal and we find a near perfect mirror image on opposing sides of the ridge

  31. Where are we going? We appear to be headed for another super continent as North America, South America, Asia and Australia converge in the ever shrinking Pacific Ocean

  32. Composition vs. Motion We can look at the interior of the Earth based on the composition of the rocks or based on the movement

  33. Based on Composition • Crust – solid, relatively low density silicate rock • Mantle – Semi fluid, denser, mafic (iron and magnesium bearing) rocks • Core – Liquid then solid iron and nickel with traces of heavier elements

  34. Based on Motion • It turns out that the upper section of the mantle is adhered (stuck to the underside side of the crust to form what we call tectonic plates

  35. Plate Types • Oceanic plates: basalt • Dark (black) and dense rock type composed of silicates, iron and magnesium • Continental plates – granite and andesite • Light colored (pink, white and gray) and low density rock type composed almost entirely of silicates.

  36. Plate Boundaries • Convergent – plates move toward one another • Divergent – plates move away from each other • Transform – plate moves sideways from each other

  37. Plate Boundaries

  38. Convergent Plates

  39. Convergent Plates

  40. Convergent Plates The only subduction zone in the Atlantic

  41. Convergent Plates Black arrows show subduction zones and the direction of plate movement

  42. Subduction.swf ocean-con ocean-ocean con-con

  43. Divergent Plates

  44. Divergent • sfloorspreading.swf

  45. Divergent Plates

  46. Divergent Plates

  47. Divergent Plates

  48. Transform Plates

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