The English Colonies in America

1. The English Colonies in America The Thirteen Colonies

2. New England Colonies • Colonists came for religious freedom • Farming was difficult because of long, cold winters and rocky soil • Economy – subsistence farming, lumbering, shipbuilding, fishing, and trade

3. New England Colonies • Massachusetts • Pilgrims – 1620 – landed at Plymouth • Half died of malnutrition, disease, and cold

4. Massachusetts • Mayflower Compact – a document that provided law and order for the Pilgrims – self-government

5. Massachusetts • Puritans – wanted to purify the church – based on the rules of the Bible • Everyone attended church by law – society emphasized duty, godliness, hard work, and honesty

6. Rhode Island • Roger Williams chose to worship God in his own way • Created own colony based on freedom for everyone but slaves

7. Connecticut • Thomas Hooker – left Massachusetts for more freedom • Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – first written plan of government

8. New Hampshire • Puritans settled the area

9. The Middle Colonies • Rich soil, wooded mountains, water • Colonists were many cultures and religions • Economy – cash crops, lumbering, and shipbuilding

10. New York • Taken from the Dutch by the Duke of York • Diverse group of colonists and religions

11. New Jersey • Ethnic and religious diversity

12. Pennsylvania • William Penn – founder, Quaker • Quakers – believed all men are created equal • Philadelphia – city of brotherly love

13. Delaware • Diverse religions and cultures

14. The Southern Colonies • Wealthy colonists created plantations – slaves • Hot, wet climate, rich soil, rivers, wetlands • Economy – cash crops – tobacco, rice, indigo

15. Maryland • Founded Catholics by Lord Baltimore • Religious freedom for all Christians • Act of toleration – law that granted freedom of religion

16. Virginia • Jamestown – 1607 – first successful English settlement • Tobacco • House of Burgesses – first representative gov’t • Slavery

17. North and South Carolina • Wealthy owners • Slavery • Crops – indigo and rice

18. Georgia • James Oglethorpe • Safe place for debtors • Religious freedom – even for Jews • Buffer state against Spanish Florida