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The Black Death and Its Impact on Medieval Society

The Black Death, caused by the bubonic plague, devastated Europe, killing 1 in 3 people and resulting in economic suffering and spiritual crises. The epidemic, spread by fleas via rats, claimed around 35 million lives in China alone. Major societal shifts included inflation, a decline in production, and a push for higher wages among survivors. The era also saw the emergence of religious challenges, like John Wycliffe's translation of the Bible, and a weakening of the Church's authority, coinciding with events like the 100 Years' War and the rise of figures like Joan of Arc.

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The Black Death and Its Impact on Medieval Society

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  1. Chapter 8 Section 5

  2. The Black Death • Bubonic Plague • 1 in 3 die • Spread by fleas carried by rats (travel) • Epidemic = outbreak of a rapid spreading disease • China – 35 million killed • God’s punishment? • Thousands of Jews slaughtered • Negatively impacts the economy

  3. Economic Suffering • Inflation – rising prices • Less workers, production declined, survivors demanded higher wages • More than 100 years to fully recover from the plague

  4. Spiritual Crisis • Schism – split • 2-3 Popes ruling at the same time • John Wycliffe • Bible is the source of truth, not the Church • Translated the Bible into English • Don’t have to rely on the clergy

  5. 100 Years War • English rulers wanted to hold onto French lands • Control of the English Channel (waterway b/w Eng. & Fr.) • Early English Victories • Long Bow • France • Cannon

  6. Joan of Arc • 17 year old peasant • God had sent her to save France • Source of inspiration • Captured – tried for witchcraft – burned at the stake • Martyr – dies for his/her beliefs

  7. Impact of the war • English – relies more on Parliament • Increase in trading overseas • Crossbow & Cannon = end of castles & knights

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