1 / 39

Chapter 14

Chapter 14. Mental Illness and Abnormal Behavior. Information. Reminders: NEXT TUESDAY LATE START!! Auditorium 7:15 a.m. FINAL PAYMENT DUE NEXT FRIDAY (25 th ) THIS WEEK: Night Review TONIGHT 5 – 8 p.m. Chapters 4 – 7 Lunch Review Thursday Chapters 8, 9

vinny
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 14

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 14 Mental Illness and Abnormal Behavior

  2. Information • Reminders: • NEXT TUESDAY LATE START!! Auditorium 7:15 a.m. • FINAL PAYMENT DUE NEXT FRIDAY (25th) • THIS WEEK: • Night Review TONIGHT 5 – 8 p.m. Chapters 4 – 7 • Lunch Review Thursday Chapters 8, 9 • Psych Bowl Review Thursday 2:30 – 3:30 • CCN Chapter 14 Part II – DUE THURSDAY • Psych Bowl Review Friday 2:30 – 4:00 • Psych Bowl SATURDAY 8:45 – 12:00 BE ON TIME! • Check In • Davis High Auditorium • Bring Paper/Pencil/Pen

  3. What is Abnormal? A. It depends on who is being asked. Society: What behaviors and mental processes are socially appropriate? How does this definition change over time? Law/Insanity/Punishment Individual: What do you believe is “normal”? How does that affect the way you think/behave? How does your own definition affect the way you view others? Mental Health Professionals: a. ATYPICAL: When people’s perception of reality is distorted. b. MALADAPTIVE: Their ability to cope with life’s demands is impaired c. DISTURBING: They are a danger to themselves or others. They feel discomfort severe enough to be harmful. d. UNJUSTIFIABLE Not the result of a significant life change.

  4. Categorical Approach DSM – Diagnostic and Statistical Manual • Axis I • (periods of health/illness) • Axis II • (personality disorders/developmental disorders – ongoing/pervasive) Mental Illnesses Divided into: Categories – broad descriptions of range of symptoms Specific Illnesses Symptoms Diagnosis/Label

  5. Dimensional Approach Mental Illnesses not labeled or categorized Individual’s behaviors or mental processes “scored” on a range from: Normal--------------Abnormal *Article Assignment • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j6bmZ8cVB4o

  6. Modern Theories • Current Theories of the Nature, Causes, and Treatment of Abnormal Behavior. *Use your hand gestures to remember most!   1. The Biological Model (also called the MEDICAL model): Mental Illness are PHYSICAL illnesses. Body Malfunctioning Cure Medically – medications (RX)/surgery/etc. 2. The Psychoanalytical Model: Mental illnesses result from UNCONSCIOUS conflict. • Analyze fixations, repressed memories, defense mechanisms to cure • “Peel” back the layers to get to the root of the problem 3. The Cognitive-Behavioral Model: Mental illness is the result of LEARNED (behavioral) maladaptive (unhealthy) ways of thinking (cognitive) • Treat by LEARNING new ways of THINKING and BEHAVING

  7. Modern Theories Continued • The Diathesis Stress Model – Diathesis = Genetic Predisposition Stress = Sets off the diathesis *Explains why some develop major illnesses and some do not/Axis I • The Systems Theory –(Bio – Psycho – Social) Mental Illness is a combination of biological (medical), psychological (cognitive and behavioral) and social (interpersonal/environmental) factors

  8. Somatoform Disorders Somatoform Disorders.ppt

  9. AnxietyDisorders

  10. Anxiety Disorders • Read DSM classifications for major anxiety disorders and symptoms. • Alternate within group • As a “team” diagnose cases in notes

  11. Answers • Case A – PD • Case B – GA • Case C – Specific Phobia • Case D – OCD • Case E – Panic with Agoraphobia • Case F – Social Phobia

  12. Information • Reminders: • NEXT TUESDAY LATE START!! Auditorium 7:15 a.m. • FINAL PAYMENT DUE NEXT FRIDAY (25th) • THIS WEEK: • Lunch Review TODAY Chapters 8, 9 (memory/cognition) • Psych Bowl Review TODAY 2:30 – 3:30 • Psych Bowl Review TOMORROW 2:30 – 4:00 • Psych Bowl SATURDAY 8:45 – 12:00 BE ON TIME! • Check In • Davis High Auditorium • Bring Paper/Pencil/Pen

  13. Anxiety Disorders Case Studies • OCD Symptoms • Obsession – Repetitive thought • Leads to Anxiety • Compulsion – Repetitive behavior • Reduces Anxiety (not rationally) • David Sedaris ... Naked – Case Study http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qZoPSjsWt_4 • The Boy Who Couldn’t Stop Washing – Case Study • OCD Test • Donny Osmond – Panic Disorder/Panic Attacks • Howard Hughes – OCD/Agoraphobia • Post Traumatic Stress Disorder –Trauma Victims/War Vets • Panic Attacks/Panic Disorder • Night Terrors • Agoraphobia

  14. Anxiety DisordersCauses and Treatments Causes Treatment 1. Cognitive/CBT Stress Inoculation 2.Medical Model Medications (anti-anxiety) Biofeedback 3. Behavioral Systematic Desensitization • Cognitions • Behaviors/Reinforcing • Medical Model

  15. MoodDisorders

  16. Mood Disorders • Involve significant shifts in emotion/mood. • Types: • Major Depression • Bipolar Disorder (depression and mania) • SAD • Read Characteristics – DSM-IVTR • Examples (packet)

  17. Answers • Case A – Major Depression • Case B – Mania • Case C – Major Depression • Case D - Mania

  18. Mood Disorders Continued • Causes/Stats: • Bio • Genetic • Twin Studies • Serotonin and Norepinephrine • Brain/Body • Less Brain Activity • Psycho – Social • Negative thought spiral (cognitive) • Learned helplessness (behavioral) • Cyclical (despite meds)

  19. Treatments – Mood Disorders • Antidepressants • ECT – Major Depression (when other forms don’t work) • CBT – Train person to end cognitive spiral • Lithium (bipolar)

  20. Statistics and Case StudiesMood Disorders • Widespread/Cross-cultural • More women seek treatment • Cycles often preceded by other stressors • Cyclical routines usually last 3 months or less • http://www.learner.org/resources/series150.html?pop=yes&pid=1638 • Catherine Zeta-Jones • Mike Wallace

  21. Information • Reminders: • TOMORROW LATE START!! Auditorium 7:15 a.m. • FINAL PAYMENT DUE FRIDAY (25th) • THIS WEEK: • Lunch Review Tomorrow CH. 14/15 • Night Review Tomorrow (Ch. 10, 13 – 16) • 2 more flex/lunch next week • 1 more night review next week • Test TWO WEEKS FROM TODAY • Midterm Exam Friday (Ch. 10, 13, 14, 15) LAST ONE!! • CCN Chapter 15 DUE WEDNESDAY!! LAST ONE!!

  22. DissociativeDisorders

  23. Dissociative Disorders • A person’s “conscious” awareness and personal past “dissociate” from each other. • An individual forgets events, behaviors, thoughts, emotions • NOT organic (physical) • Statistically hard to track and difficult to “measure” • North America (DID) • Women

  24. Specific Dissociative Disorders • Fugue • Amnesia • Dissociative Identity Disorder • Booo Sybil case/Shirley Mason • Video Clip • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXuG2zI39yA&safe=active • Herschel Walker

  25. Causes and Treatments Causes Treatments Insight Therapy Cognitive (CBT) Psychoanalysis Integration therapy for DID *nothing medical, not organic • Repression (psychoanalytic) • Reinforcement/Avoidance of Consequences (cognitive-behavioral) • Generally there is some precipitating event/stressor • Individual “copes” by splitting/dissociating from the stress

  26. Personality Disorders • Impaired social functioning (Axis II) due to pervasive patterns of BEHAVIOR and maladaptive personality TRAITS • Think of the definition of personality • Over 50 in the DSM • Not in Axis I because not clinically measurable • Affect social relationships significantly • Individual doesn’t see a problem “It’s just who I am, it’s your problem!”

  27. Answers • Case A – Paranoid • Case B – Histrionic • Case C – Borderline • Case D – Fugue • Case E - Schizoid • Case F – Narcissistic • Case G – DID • Case H – Avoidant • Case I – Amnesia • Case J – Dependent • Case K – Antisocial • Case L – Schizotypal • Case M - OCDPD

  28. Causes and Treatment Causes Treatment Best treatment – insight, behavioral, cognitive, group therapies (see added attachment) Causes believed to be behavioral and cognitive as well as social and cultural

  29. Sexual Disorders Read Handout Provided Questions?

  30. Schizophrenia

  31. Schizophrenia • Literally means “split mind” – Often confused with DID. • Bicycle Analogy – Schizophrenia: The bicycle (mind) splits apart; the pieces separate and are put back together. It never quite works again properly. DID: Four separate bicycles (minds) all function well; they don’t interact much (don’t “associate”)

  32. Schizophrenia Characteristics https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGnl8dqEoPQ Look for these symptoms in Gerry Psychotic Symptoms: Delusions – false thoughts Hallucinations – sensory experience without sensory input voices most common Disorganization – racing, disorganized thoughts and speech Catatonia – lack of motion/repetition Inappropriate Affect (emotional reaction) Disturbed Perceptions (characterized by psychotic symptoms) Inappropriate Actions “Split” from reality

  33. Types of Schizophrenia • Paranoid • Thoughts preoccupied with delusions of fear and paranoia • Positive symptoms • Word salad – disordered/disorganized • Push of speech – speak so quickly cannot follow • Grandeur delusions – false thoughts of personal “grand”ness • Catatonic • Repetition • Waxy flexibility – body like wax/mold • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAEJ-Jvndms

  34. Schizophrenia Cont … • Disorganized • Positive symptoms • Thoughts/communication disorganized • Indifferent to real life situations • Undifferentiated • Exhibits symptoms of all other types • Causes • Psycho-Social • Poor coping as child • Can’t relate to others • Bio – • Dopamine Hypothesis • Brain Tissue (less in thalamus and CC) • Prenatal (flu) • Genetic/Twin Studies • Diathesis Stress(adolescence) • Onset: • Acute/Reactive • Chronic/Process

  35. Hippocampus

  36. Ventricles/Thalamus

  37. Schizophrenia Symptoms • Positive Symptoms • Overt and obvious to observers (disorganized thoughts/delusions/hallucinations/word salad/push of speech) • Negative Symptoms • Less obvious, typically involves withdrawal or flat emotion (catatonia/flat affect)

  38. Schizophrenia Stats and Treatment • 1% of world • Early/mid 20’s for men • Late 20’s/Early 30’s women • Cross-cultural • Affects men/women equally Famous People: Syd Barrett (Pink Floyd) John Nash (A Beautiful Mind) • Treatment: • Anti-psychotic meds • Clozapine • Thorazine • Neroleptics • CBT • ECT (rare) • Family Therapy • Group Homes/Treatment • Difficult to “cure”

More Related