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Colonial Resistance and the Quest for Independence

The 18th-century colonial resistance to British policies marked a pivotal moment in American history. In 1760, Britain adopted mercantilism to alleviate war debts from the French and Indian War. Key events included the Stamp Act of 1765, which ignited boycotts, and the Townsend Acts of 1767 that imposed new taxes on essential goods. The Boston Tea Party of 1773 symbolized the colonists' outrage, leading to the Intolerable Acts, which curbed colonial rights. The meeting of the First Continental Congress in 1774 initiated unified resistance, culminating in the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776.

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Colonial Resistance and the Quest for Independence

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  1. Chapter 2 Section 2 Notes • Colonial Resistance and Rebellion • In 1760 the British developed a policy called mercantilism. • Britain needed more money to pay off a war debt it had b/c of the French and Indian War • THE STAMP ACT • In 1765, colonists were required to pay a tax on all newspapers and legal documents

  2. Chapter 2 Section 2 notes • Colonists boycott British goods and G.B. repeals Stamp Act • Declaratory Act of 1766 stated that Parliament had the right to tax and make decisions for the colonies “in all cases”

  3. Chapter 2 Section 2 notes • The Townsend Acts • Passed by Parliament in 1767 • New taxes on goods imported into the colonies such as glass, paper, tea, and lead • These were items the colonists needed because they couldn’t produce them • This angered the colonists and they boycotted again.

  4. Chapter 2 Section 2 Notes • THE TEA ACT • Passed by Parliament in 1773 • Let the British East India Tea Company ship the tea to the colonies cheaper then the colonist could produce it! • Colonists blocked all East India ships from colonial ports except at the Boston Port • In 1773 a group of colonists dressed up as Native Americans and dumped 342 chests of British Tea into the Boston Harbor to protest the taxes • This was called the “Boston Tea Party”

  5. THE INTOLERABLE ACTS • Passed by Great Britain in response to the Boston Tea Party. • The Intolerable Acts restricted the colonists’ rights • Ex…. Trial by jury, allowed British soldiers to search homes

  6. Movement Towards Independence -Colonists banned together to fight the Intolerable Acts • -In 1774, 12 of the colonies sent delegates to Philadelphia to discuss their concerns • -This meeting in Philadelphia became known as the 1st Continental Congress

  7. The First Continental Congress • Lasted 7 weeks • Delegates sent a document to Britain demanding their rights restored • King George responded by force • Two battles between British and Colonial soldiers took place in Mass, at Lexington and Concord. • These were the 1st battles of the Revolutionary War • People began to talk about independence from Britain

  8. 2nd Continental Congress • In May 1775, the 2nd Continental Congress met in Philadelphia • Thomas Paine, an American Colonist, inspired others by publishing a pamphlet • He called it Common Sense Paine called for complete independence from Britain • He said it was simply common sense to stop following Britain and the 2nd Continental Congress agreed.

  9. The Declaration of Independence • The congress appointed a committee to write a document that would officially announce the independence of the U.S • Thomas Jefferson did most of the work The document argued that the British did not look after the interests of the colonies

  10. D Of I continued • A. Democratic Ideals • Pg. 37 • An Uncertain Future • ·       The 2nd Continental Congress approved the Declaration of Independence • ·       On July 4, 1776 the colonies were independent • True freedom would not come true until Great Britain officially recognized the U.S. as free

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