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Roman Republic

Explore the dynamic history of the Roman Republic from its roots with the Etruscans and early governance through the struggles of the Patricians and Plebeians. Discover the significance of the Punic Wars, the impact of Hannibal, and the roles of prominent figures like Julius Caesar and the Gracchi Brothers. The establishment of the triumvirates, the shift to the Roman Empire, and the emergence of Christianity are crucial topics. This journey through time highlights the complexity of Roman political, social, and military life, including the Pax Romana and the Byzantine legacy.

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Roman Republic

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  1. Etruscans Carthage Senate Patricians Plebeians Consuls Censors Law of the 12 Tables 450 BCE Tribunes Punic War (264-146 B.C.E.) Hannibal Roman Republic

  2. Proconsuls Gracchi Brothers Sulla Julius Caesar (d. 44 BCE) First Triumvirate: Crassus- Pompey- Julius Caesar Second Triumvirate: Octavian (Augustus Caesar)- Lepidus- Mark Antony

  3. Roman Empire

  4. Cleopatra Octavian (Augustus Caesar) “Princeps” Principate 27 BCE-14 CE Pax Romana Livy Tiberius Villa Virgil 70-19 BCE The Aeneid Marcus Aurelius 161-180 CE The Meditations

  5. Commodus r. 180-193 “Barracks Emperors” Praetorian Guard Diocletian (r. 294-305) Tetrarchy Constantine 313-337 Constantinople Christianity/Fall of Rome

  6. Jesus Saul of Tarsus (Paul) 6-67 CE Second Diaspora Franks Saxons Angles Vandals Visigoths Ostrogoths Barbarian Invasions:

  7. Justinian (ruled 400-788) Byzantine Empire (around 550): Corpus Juris (533) Procopius (Secret History) “Greek Fire” Byzantine Empire 400-788

  8. The “Justinian Plague” Constantinople (Istanbul) Hagia Sophia Theodora

  9. Polis “The silk Road to China” Gracchi Brothers Misogyny Athena Aphrodite Patria Potestas Lex Juliana 18 BCE Galley Slaves Classical Life

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