1 / 51

GOOD-MORNING

GOOD-MORNING. Oral mucosa. Presented by : DEEPTI AWASTHI P G STUDENT DEPT. OF PEDODONTICS. Contents :. Introduction Functions Classification Development Organization Clinical features Components Epithelium

wang-maxwell
Télécharger la présentation

GOOD-MORNING

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. GOOD-MORNING

  2. Oral mucosa Presented by : DEEPTI AWASTHI P G STUDENT DEPT. OF PEDODONTICS

  3. Contents : • Introduction • Functions • Classification • Development • Organization • Clinical features • Components Epithelium Lamina propria

  4. Subdivisions of oral mucosa Keratinized mucosa Lining mucosa Specialized mucosa • Gingival sulcus • Junctions in the oral mucosa Mucocutaneous Mucogingival Dentogingival • Turn over time • Age changes • Conclusion • References

  5. INTRODUCTION

  6. FUNCTIONS

  7. CLASSIFICATION

  8. DEVELOPMENT • By fusion of stomatodeum with foregut, at about 26 days of gestation. • Ectodermal origin - • Endodermal origin - • 5th to 6th wk – • 10th to 14th wk – • 13th to 20th wk – • The surface layer of epithelium shows parakeratosis & ortho keratinization does not occur until teeth erupt postnatally.

  9. Ectomesenchyme : • Initially, consist of widely spaced stellate cells in an amorphous matrix. • 6th to 8th wk – reticular fibres • 8th to 12th wk – capillary buds & collagen fibres • 17th to 20th wk – elastic fibres in lining mucosa.

  10. organization • Specialized

  11. Boundaries : Distinguishing features of oral mucosa from skin : • Moist surface • Absence of appendages • Minor salivary glands • Sebaceous glands – fordyce spots • Surface is smoother • Linea alba -

  12. Component • 1 Epithelium • 2 Connective tissue • ORAL EPITHELIUM • Epithelial proliferation • The progenitor cells are situated in the basal layers retain the proliferative potential of the tissue. Clinical importance - cancer chemotherapeutic drugs

  13. Epithelial maturation KERATINIZED NON-KERATINIZED

  14. KERATINIZED EPITHELIUM Str. Basale Str. Spinosum Str.Granulosm Str. corneum

  15. NON KERATINOCYTES • Melanocytes 2 types of pigmentation – Exogenous Endogenous • Lack desmosomes & tonofilaments • Possess long dendritic process. • in gingiva, buccalmucosa,hard palate & tongue. • NEVUS- • MELANOMA-

  16. Langerhan’s – • antigen presenting cell • Ultrastructurally- small rod or flask- shaped granule is seen - birbeck granule • Merkel cells- • in the basal layer • not dendritic • are sensory & respond to touch • Lymphocytes-

  17. Basement membrane • Interface between the epithelium & connective tissue. • Ultrastructurally, known as basal lamina. • Basal lamina is made up of – • Lamina lucida • Lamina densa • Lamina densa- type IV collagen with heparansulphate in chicken wire configuration. • Anchoring fibrils – type VII collagen, form loops & are inserted into the lamina densa. • Type I & II collagen run through these loops. • Clinical importance :

  18. Lamina propria The connective tissue supporting the oral epitheliums . divided in 2 layers : • Papillary –superficial • Reticular- deeper • Consist of cells, blood vessels , neural elements & fibres. • Attaches directly to periosteum of alveolar bone- gingiva & part of hard palate Submucous layer is present in- cheeks, lips &part of palate.

  19. CELLS Fibroblast Macrophages Mast cell Pmn s Lmphocytes Plasma cell Endothelial cell FIBRES primarily type I & III with type IV & VII as part of basal lamina type V – in inflamed tissue

  20. Sub divisions of oral mucosa • KERATINIZED NON-KERATINZED Masticatory mucosa Lining mucosa Gingiva Specialized mucosa Hard palate Vermilion border of lip

  21. gingiva • Extends from DGJ to alveolar mucosa. • Gingiva is • Parakeratinized- 75% • Orthokeratinized- 15% • Non-keratinized-10% • Divided into Free gingiva Attached gingiva Interdental papilla

  22. Clinical features • COLOR • CONTOUR • SIZE SHAPE

  23. CONSISTENCY SURFACE TEXTURE

  24. GINGIVAL FIBRES • Dento gingival • Alveolo gingival • Circular • Dentoperiosteal FUNCTIONS : Accessory fibres that extend interproximally between adjacent teeth are referred to as trans septalfibres. unique feature in children -

  25. Blood supply • Supra periosteal arterioles • Vessels of PDL. • arterioles which emerge from the crest of the interdental septa. Nerve supply nerves in the pdl & from labial , buccal& palatine nerves.

  26. col • In a 3-D view ,the interdental papilla of posterior teeth - tent shaped. • in anterior teeth – pyramidal shaped. • Non- keratinized • Vulnerable to perio- dontal disease.

  27. Hard palate • The mucous membrane is tightly fixed to the periosteum & is immovable. • ZONES – • Gingival region • Palatine raphe • Anterolateral • posterolateral

  28. Vermilion zone • The transitional zone between the skin of the lip & the mucous membrane of the lip • Red zone • Thicker but mildly keratinized. • Long papilla of lamina propria. A: Skin. B: Vermillion zone. C: Oral (labial) mucosa. D: Minor salivary glands.

  29. Lips & cheeks • Epithelium – • Lamina propria – • The strands of dense connective tissue limit the mobility & prevent lodging between the biting surface of teeth during mastication. • The cheek , lateral to the corner of the mouth - Fordyce’s spots. NON-KERATIN LAMINA PROPRIA SUBMUCOSA MUSCLE

  30. Alveolar mucosa • Thin & loosely attached to the periosteum by a submucus layer.

  31. Floor of the mouth • The mucus membrane is thin & loosely attached to the underlying structures to allow for the free mobility of the tongue. NON-KERATINIZED SALIVARY & MUCOUS GLANDS LAMINA PROPRIA

  32. Inferior surface of tongue

  33. Soft palate • Mucus membrane is highly vascularized & red. • Epithelium – Str. Sq. non keratinized • Lamina propria- layer of elastic fibres • Submucosa- loose & contains mucus glands.

  34. Dorsal lingual mucosa • Rough & irregular • V- shaped line divides into oral part – ant. 2/3 pharyngeal part – post. 1/3

  35. Filiform papilla

  36. Fungiform papillae

  37. Circumvallate papillae • On the lateral surface of the vallate papillae, epithelium contains numerous taste buds. • The duct of von-ebner’s gland open into the trough.

  38. Taste buds • Histologically , a barrel shaped structure. • Extends perpendicular from the BM to a little opening in the epithelium, the taste pore. • 3types of cells - • Type I –light • Type II – dark • Type III- intermediate

  39. Perception of taste • Tip – sweet • Lat. Border – salty & sour • Post. Region – bitter & sour • Special receptor localized to circumvallate papillae - to detect the taste of water.

  40. Gingival sulcus • Space between the inner aspect of gingiva & the tooth. • Extends from free marginal gingiva to the dentogingival junction. • Sulcular epithelium- non keratinized lacks epithelial ridges expresses CK4 Gingival Sulcus

  41. Junctions in the oral mucosa • Mucocutaneous junction between the skin & mucosa. appendages are absent , except few sebaceous glands. Epithelium is thin ,keratinized – red zone. Clinical imp. – in infants , this region is thick- suckling.

  42. Mucogingival junction between the gingiva & alveolar mucosa. • clinically, • Mucogingival groove- slight indentation • Bright pink of alveolar mucosa to paler pink of gingiva. • Histologically, • Attached gingiva – keratinized / parakeratinized • Lamina propria- numerous collagen bundles. • Stippling is seen. • Alveolar mucosa – non –keratinized • More elastic fibres.

  43. dentogingival junction • Junctional epithelium • Junction between the gingiva & the tooth. DEVELOPMENT OF J.E.

  44. str. sq. non keratinized epithelium • Basal lamina is seen • Outer- to connective tissue • Inner- to the tooth surface This inner basal lamina is unique as it binds to calcified surfaces rather than connective tissue It contains amelotin, a novel secreted protein.

  45. Cytokeratins present – k5, k14 & k 19 • Highest turnover rate – 5-6 days , therefore it regenerates readily. • Frequent presence of infilteratingneutrophils , leukocytes & mononuclear cells, contribute to permeability of tissue.

  46. Turn over time • Skin - 27 days • Hard palate - 24 days • Floor of mouth - 20 days • Buccal & labial mucosa - 14 days • Attached gingiva - 10 days • Taste buds - 10 days • J.E. - 5-6 days

  47. Age changes • Smooth & dry • Epithelium becomes thin. • Filiform papillae – reduced • Tongue – smooth • Nutritional deficiency – contributing factor • Lingual varices - ventral aspect of tongue • Ectopic sebaceous glands ( fordyce spots ) – common in elderly. FORDYCE SPOTS

  48. References • R.TenCate. Oral Histology, development, structure, and function. 5th Edition. • Orbans Oral histology and embryology. 10th Edition. • Essentials of Oral Histology and Embryology: A Clinical Approach. by James K.Avery, DeinelJ.Cheigo. • Illustrated Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy by Mary Bath-Balogh, Margaret J. Fehrenbach, Pat Thomas. • ShobhaTandon Textbook of Pedodontics.1st Edition. • Human embryology, Inderbir Singh. • Carranza’s 10 th Ed. Periodontology

More Related