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The Reproductive System

This comprehensive guide covers the anatomy and physiology of the male and female reproductive systems. It details key structures such as the testes, epididymis, ovaries, and uterine tubes, along with their roles in sperm and egg formation. The physiological processes of erection, ejaculation, gametogenesis, and hormonal cycles, including the menstrual cycle, are explained. Additionally, common disorders such as testicular cancer, prostate issues, and sexually transmitted diseases are addressed, highlighting their impact on reproductive health and homeostasis.

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The Reproductive System

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Presentation Transcript

  1. The Reproductive System Chapter 27

  2. Male Reproductive System

  3. The Scrotum

  4. The Testes and Epididymis

  5. The Testes and Epididymis

  6. The Ductus Deferens and Glands

  7. Urethra and Penis

  8. Sperm • Three regions • Head with acrosome • Mid-piece or body • Tail • Enzyme Hyaluronidase

  9. Physiology of Male System • Sperm Analysis • One of the first tests done to determine male infertility • Sterile if less than 20 million sperm per ml • Erection • Controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system • Nitric oxide causes the smooth muscles to relax and the blood vessels to dilate • Ejaculation • Controlled by the sympathetic nervous system • Also called climax or orgasm

  10. Gametogenesis • Occurs by Meiosis rather than mitosis • Results in four daughter cells rather than two • Reduces chromosome number by one-half

  11. Process of Meiosis

  12. Process of Meiosis

  13. Process of Meiosis

  14. Hormonal Control

  15. Spermatogenesis

  16. Female Reproductive System

  17. Ovaries

  18. Ovaries

  19. Uterine tubes and Uterus

  20. Uterine tubes and Uterus

  21. Endometrium

  22. Vagina

  23. External Anatomy

  24. External Anatomy

  25. Mammary Glands

  26. Mammary Glands

  27. Oogenesis

  28. Ovarian Cycle • Follicular phase • Ovulation • Luteal phase

  29. The Ovarian Cycle

  30. The Ovarian Cycle

  31. The Ovarian Cycle

  32. The Ovarian Cycle

  33. The Ovarian Cycle

  34. The Ovarian Cycle

  35. The Ovarian Cycle

  36. The Ovarian Cycle

  37. Hormonal Influence

  38. Uterine Cycle • Menstrual stage (menses) • Pre-ovulatory stage (proliferative) • Post-ovulatory stage (secretory)

  39. The Menstrual Cycle

  40. Hormonal Influence

  41. Hormonal Effects

  42. Hormonal Effects

  43. Testicular cancer Prostate cancer Prostatitis Cryptochidism Impotence Pelvic inflammatory disease Cervical cancer Uterine prolapse Nondisjunction Sexually transmitted diseases Gonorrhea Syphilis Chlamydia Genital warts Genital herpes Amenorrhea and menopause Dysmenorrhea Endometriosis Homeostatic Imbalances

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