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Marine Biology

Marine Biology. Do Nows. Chapter 1. Look in the book and find your favorite chapter. What is your favorite chapter and why did you pick it?. How many oceans are there? What are their names? What structure can be found in the middle of the Atlantic? What can creatures of the deep produce?

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Marine Biology

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  1. Marine Biology Do Nows

  2. Chapter 1

  3. Look in the book and find your favorite chapter. What is your favorite chapter and why did you pick it?

  4. How many oceans are there? What are their names? • What structure can be found in the middle of the Atlantic? • What can creatures of the deep produce? • Who invented SCUBA? • Why do lots of small fish swim together?

  5. List 4 reasons why you should study Marine Biology? • How much money are the ocean’s living systems worth? • What is the difference between physical and geological oceanography? • What is Marine Biology?

  6. Who Am I?

  7. Who is considered to be the 1st marine biologist? • Who is Charles Darwin? What did he study? • Who was considered to be the most influential marine biologist of his day? • Who lead the Challenger Expedition? • What did the Challenger expedition do?

  8. Where was the first marine lab located? • Where was the first marine lab in the US located? • Who developed the basic technology of SCUBA? • Who devoted his life to scuba diving and the oceans? • What can satellites measure? • What can remote sensing technology be used for?

  9. Chapter 2

  10. What is a habitat? • What do geological processes determine? • What are the four major ocean basins? • Which ocean is the largest and deepest? • Which ocean is the smallest and shallowest?

  11. How old is earth? • What is the equation for density? • What are the three layers of earth? • How is earth’s magnetic field generated? • How does the mantle behave?

  12. Two Types of Plates Make Up the Earth’s Crust

  13. What did Bacon observe about the continents? • What did Alfred Wegner propose? Why was it not accepted? • What did sonar help to find in the oceans? • What are the two main ridges in the ocean? • What island sits on the mid-Atlantic ridge? • Where are most trenches found? • What did the Glomar Challenger determine about rock age and sediment build-up?

  14. What does earth’s magnetic field do every once in a while? • How are bands located around the mid-ocean ridge? • What are rifts known as? • What is the lithosphere broken up into? • What layer do the plates float on? • What happens in the asthenosphere that helps move the plates? • What is subduction? Where does it occur? • Explain how sea floor spreading works?

  15. What is a Hot Spot? What can they make? • What are the two main regions of the sea floor? • What are the most productive areas in the ocean? • Which area of the ocean floor contains lots of sediments? • Where is the deepest spot on earth? • What is the difference between seamounts and guyots?

  16. 9/24/12 • What happens when an oceanic plate collides with a continental plate? • What happens when an oceanic plate collides with an oceanic plate? • What happens when a continental plate collides with a continental plate? • What is subduction? • What is a convection current?

  17. Chapter 3

  18. 9/27/12 • What does a water molecule look like? • What is polarity? Draw it in a water molecule? • What three states does water exist in? • What is a solvent? • What is an ion?

  19. 9/28/12 • What two factors determine where an organism lives? • What are hydrogen bonds? • What is heat capacity? • Why does water have a high heat capacity? • As water cools, what happens to its density? • Why is waters high heat capacity important?

  20. 10/1/12 • Why is water the universal solvent? • Where do the salts in the ocean water come from? • What are the two major ions in salt water? • What is salinity? • What does the rule of constant proportions tell us? • What happens to salinity if: Water evaporates? Water freezes? It rains?

  21. What is a water column? • What are the 3 most important gases in the ocean? • How do the gases get into the water? What is this called? • What is the relationship between temperature and dissolved oxygen? • Why is carbon dioxide so soluble in water? • What color penetrates water the most? The least? • What causes turbidity? • What happens to pressure as you go deeper into the ocean?

  22. What one factor determines the three dimensional structure of the sea? • Compare deep water with surface water? • What is an unstable water column? • What is overturn? • What three factors determine the salinity of the open ocean? • What is a water mass? • Why is thermohaline circulation important? • What is a thermocline? • What are the three layers of the ocean?

  23. Where does most of the motion in the ocean occur? • What causes the motion in the ocean? What causes that? • What is the Coriolis effect? What happens to an object in the northern hemisphere? • Because of the Coriolis effect, water moves at what angle from the direction of the wind? • How are currents responsible for weather? • What is a gyre?

  24. What causes waves? • Draw a wave and label the parts. • What is the fetch? • How does water move in a wave? • What is a tsunami?

  25. What happens in a spring tide? • What happens in a neap tide? • What is the tidal range? • What is a fetch? • Where can we find a very large tidal range?

  26. Chapter 10

  27. What is Ecology? • What are some abiotic factors? • What controls populations? • What is the carrying capacity of the environment? • What is competition?

  28. What is a habitat? • What is the difference between abiotic and biotic factors? • What is a community? • What is a population? • What is competition?

  29. How much energy is passed on from trophic level to trophic level? • What is Biomass? • In fig10.13, what are the producers? Primary consumers? Secondary consumers? Autotrophs? Heterotrophs? • In fig. 10.14, list two food chains you would find this food web? What are three tertiary consumers? 4th level consumer? Top predator? • If the diatoms have 1000 calories, how much would the krill have? Petrel? Skua?

  30. What are some predatory strategies? • What is coevolution? • What is a symbiont? • What is commensalism? • What is parasitism? • What is mutalism?

  31. What are two examples of decomposers? • What is DOM? • What is detritus? • What is productivity? • What two factors limit primary productivity?

  32. Chapter 13

  33. What are the three major nutrient cycles? • Where can you find a benthic organism? • Where can you find a pelagic organism? • What are sessile organisms? • What are nekton? • What are the depth zones of the pelagic realm?

  34. What are some of the riches of the continental shelf? • What zones do the continental shelf communities live in? • What are the two factors that affect the shelf’s fundamental characteristics? • What are lithogenous sediments?

  35. Why are continental shelf communities more at risk than other communities? • What factors determine the distribution of soft bottom communities? • Why is there higher diversity in the soft-bottom communities?

  36. What are infauna? • What are epifauna? • What is Zostera marina? • Why are sea grass beds so productive? • What are suspension feeders? • What are deposit feeders?

  37. What is a kelp? • What physical factors do kelp need to grow? • Explain the relationship between kelp, sea urchins and sea otters.

  38. Chapter 15

  39. What are three characteristics of the pelagic? • What types of organisms are common in the pelagic? • What organisms form the basis of the food chain? • Why are protozoan zooplankton important? • Which type of zooplankton do whales eat? • Why are jellyfish considered part of the plankton?

  40. What are holoplankton? • What are meroplankton? • What are some adaptations plankton have to stay in the epipelagic? • Draw a copepod. • Draw a dinoflagellate.

  41. What are Neuston? • What are some examples of nekton? • What are the requirements for prey in the epipelagic? • What are the two problems organisms face in the epipelagic? • What adaptations do plankton have to help them stay afloat?

  42. What are most of the adaptations of epipelagic organisms related to? • What are some of the sense organs of the epipelagic? • What is countershading? How does it work? • What are some adaptations that nekton have for swimming?

  43. Why are epipelagic food webs of particular interest to us? • What is a basic food chain in the epipelagic? • What two things do phytoplankton need to perform photosynthesis? • What are the 3 major nutrients that control primary production? • Where are nutrient rich waters found in the ocean? • How do nutrients get into the epipelagic?

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