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Measurement and Analysis of Hajime: a Peer-to-peer IoT Botnet

Measurement and Analysis of Hajime: a Peer-to-peer IoT Botnet. by Stephen Herwig (UMD), Katura Harvey ( MPI ), George Hughey (UMD), Richard Roberts (MPI ), Dave Levin (UMD) Presented by Himanshu Gandhi (2015ANZ7550). What are botnets, by the way ?. What is a Botnet ?.

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Measurement and Analysis of Hajime: a Peer-to-peer IoT Botnet

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  1. Measurement and Analysis of Hajime:a Peer-to-peer IoT Botnet by Stephen Herwig (UMD), KaturaHarvey (MPI), George Hughey (UMD), Richard Roberts (MPI), Dave Levin (UMD) Presented by Himanshu Gandhi (2015ANZ7550)

  2. What are botnets, by the way ?

  3. What is a Botnet ?

  4. Structural Variants

  5. So, what is Hajime ?

  6. Characteristics of an “uncharacteristic” Botnet

  7. Hmmm, tell me more about Hajime !

  8. Important “Problems” for a Botnet Controller? Hajime uses BitTorrent based Distributed Hash Tables for both questions.

  9. Bot Discovery announce hash(F) announce bot(F) announce hash(.i) Hosting file F lookup hash(F) lookup bot (F) lookup file (.i) Downloading file F

  10. Announce

  11. Lookup Hosting KeyExchange UTP Keys provide long-lived IDs Downloading

  12. Thus: • Resilient BitTorrent Based Discovery • Difficult to take down Hajime without bringing down BT !! • P2P • Difficult to centrally monitor and control

  13. More about Measurement and Analysis

  14. Measurement Every 16 minutes for 4 months - 5.4M IP addresses - 10.5M keys Datasets available at http://iot.umd.edu • Botnet Size • List all peers exhaustively • Used unique keys to get botnet size • Why not IP • NAT undercounts • IP reassignments and multi-homed devices => overcount • Code RE • 47 modules – 34 .atk, 13 .i

  15. Hajime Size

  16. Hajime Geo-Distribution MaxMind IP Geolocation DB used

  17. Hajime Architectural Distribution • Based on .atk files usage • Censys Database (IP-uTP key used for device fingerprinting)

  18. Hajime Architectural + Geography Distribution

  19. Hajime Architectural + Geography Distribution

  20. Hajime Architectural + Geography Distribution

  21. Hajime – Impact of new Vulnerabilities

  22. Hajime – Speed of Updates

  23. Attacks and DNS Backscatter

  24. Vulnerable Device Attack (CWMP)

  25. Non-Vulnerable Device Attack

  26. Contribution

  27. What’s New ? • Novel way of measuring and analyzing botnet • Insights about botnets’ ability to evolve • Honeypots need to be architecture specific

  28. What’s more in the paper ? • More details on the botnet internals • Insights about device fingerprinting and bot lifetime • CWMP DNS backscatter based geographical distribution

  29. Thank You :)

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