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Quasi-geostrophic Diagnosis of Vorticity Advection on Upper-level Jet/Front Systems

This study investigates the influence of vorticity advection on the development of upper-level jet/front systems using quasi-geostrophic diagnosis. It analyzes the role of PV extrusion, isentropes, and Sawyer-Eliassen circulation in cyclonic shear. Traditional frontogenesis is compared to the new spin on vorticity advection by the thermal wind shear curvature.

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Quasi-geostrophic Diagnosis of Vorticity Advection on Upper-level Jet/Front Systems

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  1. Quasi-geostrophic Diagnosis of the Influence of Vorticity Advection on the Development of Upper-level Jet/Front Systems Jonathan E. Martin Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Wisconsin-Madison

  2. 500 hPa q 1800 UTC 17 November 2013

  3. 1800 UTC 17 November 2013

  4. 17 November Tropopause Trench Dynamic Tropopause Surface: 1800 UTC 17 November 2013

  5. 17 November Tropopause Trench Dynamic Tropopause Surface: 1800 UTC 17 November 2013

  6. High PV extruded into the troposphere creates upper vorticity maxima that spawn lower tropo- spheric cyclones

  7. Sloping isentropes provide parcel pathways for stratosphere/troposphere exchange High PV extruded into the troposphere creates upper vorticity maxima that spawn lower tropo- spheric cyclones

  8. Lower stratospheric fronts Sloping isentropes provide parcel pathways for stratosphere/troposphere exchange High PV extruded into the troposphere creates upper vorticity maxima that spawn lower tropo- spheric cyclones

  9. Sawyer-Eliassen circulation at jet core with cold air advection along the jet

  10. Sawyer-Eliassen circulation at jet core with cold air advection along the jet

  11. Sawyer-Eliassen circulation at jet core with cold air advection along the jet

  12. Sawyer-Eliassen circulation at jet core with cold air advection along the jet

  13. Sawyer-Eliassen circulation at jet core with cold air advection along the jet

  14. . . . J Shearing deformation of an along-front θ gradient Geostrophic CAA in cyclonic shear

  15. Rotunno et al. (1994) refer to geostrophic CAA in cyclonic shear as the “Shapiro effect”

  16. QG omega equation J

  17. Geostrophic vorticity maxima

  18. Geostrophic vorticity maxima QG subsidence maxima (NVA by the thermal wind)

  19. Traditional Frontogenesis

  20. Traditional Frontogenesis

  21. Does not change Traditional Frontogenesis

  22. A New Spin on Vorticity Advection by the Thermal Wind shear curvature Shear is the component of the gradient of perpendicular to in Cartesian coordinates (Bell and Keyser 1993)

  23. A New Spin on Vorticity Advection by the Thermal Wind shear curvature Shear is the component of the gradient of perpendicular to in Cartesian coordinates (Bell and Keyser 1993)

  24. A New Spin on Vorticity Advection by the Thermal Wind shear curvature Shear is the component of the gradient of perpendicular to in Cartesian coordinates (Bell and Keyser 1993)

  25. Jet streak with no along-flow temperature advection

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