1. NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES CHAPTER 24

2. Anatomy Review • Central Nervous System • Peripheral Nervous System

3. CNS Features • Meninges - membranes surrounding brain tissue-Dura mater, Pia mater, arachnoid mater, doesit mater • Blood Brain Barrier- tight junctions between endothelial cells in CNS vessels prevent

4. Bacterial Diseases • Bacterial meningitis most commonly caused by one of three types of bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae type b, Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), and Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria • Brain Abscesses

5. Viral Diseases • Viral meningitis • enteroviruses • Rabies • Lyssavirus genus

6. Rabies Statistics

7. Rabies Statistics

8. Viral Diseases (cont.) • Viral Encephalitis • inflammationof the brainparenchyma, • Herpes Meningoencephalitis

9. Viral Diseases (cont.) • West Nile Fever

10. West Nile Virus WNV has three different effects on humans. The first is an asymptomatic infection; the second is a mild febrile syndrome termed West Nile Fever; the third is a neuroinvasive disease termed West Nile meningitis or encephalitis. The population proportion of these three states is roughly 110:30:1

11. Bacterial Nerve Diseases • Hansen’s Disease

12. Bacterial Nerve Diseases • Tetanus • Botulism “lockjaw Clostridium tetani Blocks acetocholine release

13. Viral Nerve Diseases — Polio • Poliovirus (poliomyelitis) preferentially infecting and destroying motor neurons

14. Prion Diseases • Mad Cow Disease • Kuru

15. Prion Diseases • Creutzfeld Jacob Variant Disease

16. Parasitic Disease • African Sleeping Sickness • Chaga’s Disease