Abraham Maslow: The Hierarchy of Needs

1. Abraham Maslow:The Hierarchy of Needs

2. ABRAHAM MASLOW • was a leading humanistic psychologist • developed the Hierarchy of Needs • promoted the concept of self-actualization • was born in 1908, Brooklyn, New York

3. Maslow’s Early Life • was the eldest of seven siblings • was a poor student as an adolescent • was pressured by dad to become an attorney • took one law class, dropped out of college for one year • entered U of WI one year later to study scientific psychology

4. Maslow’s Professional Life • studied dominance in monkeys • received Ph.D. in experimental psychology in 1934 • was on the Brooklyn College faculty, 1937-1951 • was on the Brandeis U faculty, 1952-1969 • became a fellow of Laughlin Foundation in CA • died in 1970, age 62

5. Maslow's Motivational PsychologyAbraham Maslow could be considered a motivation theorist or a personality theorist. He was a bit of both. One of his early books was titled Motivation and Personality (1954). Perhaps more revealing is the title Maslow originally wanted to use for that book: Higher Ceilings for Human Nature. Maslow dealt with "higher motives" of human beings, what might be called existential or spiritual motives. They are some of the most powerful and uniquely human motivations.Maslow proposed an alternative: a Third Forcein psychology. This type of psychology would deal with important topics neglected by the other two: topics like human fulfillment, the search for meaning, and what it meant to be psychologically healthy. Maslow teamed with Rogers, Fromm, and other psychologists to form new professional associations and launch new journals devoted to Third Force psychology, also known as humanisticpsychology.

6. Hierarchy of Needs growth emotional physical

7. Hierarchy of Needs Physiological Needs

8. Physiological Needs • food • water • air • sleep

9. Food: A Most Powerful Need • South American Rugby team crashed in 1970 • Food was the most pressing problem. • They ate human flesh for survival. • Even the strongest taboo was broken to fill the basic need for food.

10. Hierarchy of Needs Safety Needs Physiological Needs

11. Safety Needs • from physical attack • from emotional attack • from fatal disease • from invasion • from extreme losses (job, family members, home, friends)

12. Safety: A Most Powerful Need • when frightened, our thoughts and energies are diverted • threat of, or actual attack creates “fight or flight” reaction • threats to safety can be physical or emotional

13. Hierarchy of Needs Love & Belonging Needs Safety Needs Physiological Needs

14. Love and Belonging (social/emotional) • Inclusion - part of a group: colleagues, peers, family, clubs • Affection - love and be loved • Control - influence over others and self

15. Love and Belonging: A Most Powerful Need

16. Hierarchy of Needs Esteem Needs Love & Belonging Needs Safety Needs Physiological Needs

17. Esteem Needs emotional (ego) • respect from others through: awards honors status • respect for self through: mastery achievement competence

18. Esteem from Self and Others: A Most Powerful Need Congratulations!

19. Hierarchy of Needs Self-Actualization Needs Esteem Needs Love & Belonging Needs Safety Needs Physiological Needs

21. Some Self-Actualizing People from History • Abraham Lincoln • Thomas Jefferson • Mahatma Gandhi • Albert Einstein • Eleanor Roosevelt • Bill Gates • Nelson Mandela

22. Self-Actualization Needs • stop cruelty and exploitation • encourage talent in others • try to be a good human being • do work one considers worthwhile • enjoy taking on responsibilities • prefer intrinsic satisfaction • seek truth • give unselfish love • be just

23. B-Needs of the Self-Actualized • Truth • Goodness • Beauty • Unity • Aliveness • Uniqueness • Perfection and Necessity • Completion • Justice and order • Simplicity • Richness • Effortlessness • Playfulness • Self-sufficiency • Meaningfulness

24. Qualities of the Self-Actualized • An non-hostile sense of humor • Intimate personal relationships • Acceptance of self and others • Spontaneity and simplicity • Freshness of appreciation • More peak experiences • Democratic values • Independence

25. Failure to Self-Actualize The main question often raised with Maslow's theory is: if the need for self-actualization is innate then why isn't everyone self-actualized? Abraham Maslow, suggests that many people fail to become self-actualized because: Higher needs are less powerful; therefore, self-actualization is the weakest of all needs. There may be things suppressing the need, the individual may be consciously ignoring the need, or the emotional environment may not be supportive to pursing self-actualization. For example, if a girl wants to play hockey but she is raised in an environment that thinks hockey is only a boy's sport where girls don't belong, then she will deny her potential because she believes it is wrong. It takes a lot of work to achieve self-actualization. It means discipline, self-control, overcoming challenges, and sometimes breaking free of prejudices and societal norms. Sometimes it is easier to "play safe" rather than "rock the boat". The Jonah Complex: Maslow believed that many people fail to achieve self-actualization because they do not have confidence in their abilities. Fear and low self esteem overrule courage and they begin to doubt themselves and their potential to achieve greatness.They have not satisfied the need to know and to understand. This is actually a mini-hierarchy that overlaps Maslow's larger one, and is very important to self-actualization.

26. Self-Actualization: The Highest Growth Need

27. Up and the Hierarchy of Needshttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iucf76E-R2s

28. Journal Question:Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Consider your ISU Topic and identify 2 needs within Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs which aren’t being met. Explain how the need is not being met and the impact it can have on the people involved. Explain how the injustice or suffering affects both the individual and or group, as well as how that impacts our society. What can be done to meet these needs in your opinion?