Interrelationship of Learning Objectives, Instructional Methods and Resources

University of the Philippines College of Education Educational Technology Department EDTECH 101 Interrelationship of Learning Objectives, Instructional Methods and Resources Ferdinand B. Pitagan, PhD Professor of Education

A____ learners S____ objectives S____ instructional methods, media, and materials U____ media and materials R____ learner participationE____ and revise

Analyze learners State objectives Select instructional methods, media, and materials Utilize media and materials Require learner participationEvaluate and revise

“ASSURE Model Overview”

ASSURE Model 1) Instructional Systems Design model 2) A Process model 3) To help teachers

Agenda Ending Points Beginning Points 1) Analyze Learners 2) State Objectives • 3) Select 3 Ms (Methods, Media,Materials)

Analyze learners • Understand your target audience • 1) General characteristics • 2) Specific entry competencies • 3) Learning styles

Analyze learners • General characteristics • grade, age, ethnic group, sex, mental, emotional, physical, or social problems, socioeconomic level …..

Analyze learners 2) Specific entry competencies prior knowledge, skills, and attitudes

Analyze learners 3) Learning styles verbal, logical, visual, musical, structured, and so on.

<Learning Style> Different scholars approach learning style differently.

One example….(Solomon & Felder) • Active learners vs Reflective learners • Sensing learners vs Intuitive learners • Visual learners vs Verbal learners • Sequential learners vs Global learners

Another example…. Dunn & Dunn Model

5 stimuli 1) 21 elements 2) 3) 4) 5)

Environmental Preferences Sound --- silence, orbackground noise or music? Light--- soft, dim, or bright light while studying? Temperature --- from a cool room to a warm room? Class design--- at a traditional setting? Or a more informal arrangement?

Emotional Preferences Motivation: self-motivated? contact with peers? Persistence: one task at a time? multitasking? Responsibility: independently? frequent feedback/guidance? Structure: being told what to do? working on your own?

Sociological Preferences Self:work alone? Pair: working with one other person? Peers and Team: working as a team member? Adult: with an adult and/or teacher? Variety Versus Concentrating in Routines or Patterns?

Physiological Preferences Perceptual: visual, auditory, kinesthetic? Intake: drink? Chew gums? munching on snacks? Time: early morning, late morning, early/late afternoon, or evening? Mobility: for a long period of time or move constantly?

Psychological Preferences Global-Analytic: Holistic learning? Analytic style of learning? Hemisphericity: Left-brain individuals? Right-brain dominance ? Impulsive-Reflective: Quick thinker? Various alternatives?

State objectives • Why?

State objectives Help decide content, methods Knowledge about achievement Provide direction Focused activities

State objectives 1) Behavioral Objectives A : Audience – student’s perspective B : Behavior – use action verbs C : Conditions of performance D : Degree – performance standard

State objectives • Example: Behavioral Objectives • Given ten sentences (C), • the student (A) • will identify the parts of speech in a sentence (B) • with 100 percent accuracy (D).

State objectives • Example: Behavioral Objectives • Fifth grade social studies students (Audience) will be able to name (Behavior) at least 90% (Degree) of the state capitals when given a list of states (Condition).

State objectives 2) Cognitive Objectives - a general objective - one or more performance statements

State objectives Example: Cognitive Objectives The student will explain the meaning of a story: - by summarizing the plot - by identifying the characters - by describing meanings of the characters’ actions

State objectives Be aware of incidental learning & individual difference!!

Activity • Cognitive domain • 2) Affective domain (Attitude change) • 3) Motor skill domain (Physical skills) • 4) Interpersonal domain • As a group, develop at least • 2 behavioral objectives and • 2 cognitive objectives.

Select 3 Ms: 1) instructional Methods, 2) Media, and 3) Materials

1) Select instructional Methods, • Fill in the blanks. • Presentation • ( ) • Discussion • Drill and Practice • ( ) • ( ) • Gaming • ( ) • Discovery • ( )

1) Select instructional Methods, • Fill in the blanks. • Presentation • ( Demonstration ) • Discussion • Drill and Practice • ( Tutorial ) • ( Cooperative learning ) • Gaming • ( Simulation ) • Discovery • ( Problem Solving )

2) Select Media, instructional methods Objectives Learners

3) Select Materials • Examples?? • software programs, • music, • videotapes, • images, • written handouts, and • internet sites.

3) Select Materials selecting available materials modifying existing materials Creating new materials

3) Select Materials Selection criteria? Matching curriculum?Accurate and current? Clear/concise language?Motivate/maintain interest? Learner participation?Technical quality? Evidence of its effectiveness?Free from bias and advertising? A user guide included?

Interrelationship of Learning Objectives, Instructional Methods and Resources