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THE CRISES OF THE COLD WAR

THE CRISES OF THE COLD WAR. Lobj: to consider whether ‘peaceful existence’ really existed. PEACEFUL CO-EXISTENCE ?. Khrushchev made visits to foreign leaders Gave aid to the Third World – trying to raise Communist influence Was certain Communism was superior Crushed a Hungarian Revolution

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THE CRISES OF THE COLD WAR

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  1. THE CRISES OF THE COLD WAR Lobj: to consider whether ‘peaceful existence’ really existed.

  2. PEACEFUL CO-EXISTENCE ? • Khrushchev made visits to foreign leaders • Gave aid to the Third World – trying to raise Communist influence • Was certain Communism was superior • Crushed a Hungarian Revolution • Built the Berlin Wall

  3. PEACEFUL CO-EXISTENCE ? • Space race with USA – proved USSR was technologically superior • Enraged the West with a Nuclear Arms race • Demanded the USA left Berlin • USSR challenged US dominance in Olympic games

  4. PEACEFUL CO-EXISTENCE ? Khrushchev was not the Tyrant like Stalin – but the Cold War got to the hottest point during his time

  5. THE GENEVA SUMMIT • 1955 – World leaders met to discuss trade, the arms race & disarmament. • President Eisenhower suggested each side could monitor (from the air) what the other was doing • Neither could stockpile weapons & tensions would be reduced = high point in relations

  6. THE ARMS RACE 1955-63 • Up to 1957 – nuclear bombs had to be carried to their destination by a plane • Oct 1957 – USSR developed a rocket – R7 , which could send a satellite into space • Dec 1957 – USA had own rocket – Atlas-A • Meant nuclear weapons could be launched at targets with no need for planes

  7. 1960 – both countries had ICM’s (Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles) • These were land based & stored underground • They could hit target 6400 kilometres away • The USA based these missiles in Turkey – on the USSR border • 1960 – Polaris missiles designed – could fire 1600km away – based in submarines

  8. THE HUNGARIAN RISING 1956 • June 1956 – Polish people revolted and gained some freedoms for Moscow • Oct 1956 – Hungarian demonstrations & protests • Nagy Imre became PM and started to reform – • No Govt control of press • Non communists allowed in parliament • Free and fair elections • Leave the Warsaw Pact

  9. The last moved was unacceptable for Khrushchev - if they left the WP then it would threaten the safety of the USSR • These reforms made communism look bad • 4 Nov 1956 – The Red Army returned to Hungary & killed 4000 • 200,000 fled to the West

  10. RESULTS OF THE RISING • Nagy was arrested and executed • 300 protestors were executed • Janos Kadar became Prime Minister – he abolished all of Nagy’s reforms • NATO did nothing - No Action; Talk Only • Communism looked brutal & cruel – thousands left the Communist party in GB

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