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Understanding Macroevolution and the Timeline of Human Evolution

This chapter delves into macroevolution, exploring the evolutionary processes influencing vertebrates and mammals. We discuss the age of the Earth (4.6 billion years) and examine key hominin species, including Homo sapiens (appearing approximately 92,000 years ago), Homo erectus, and Australopithecus. The geological time scale is mapped out, illustrating significant eras, periods, and epochs. We highlight fossil evidence supporting continental drift, including discoveries of Mesosaurus in Brazil and South Africa. This examination provides insights into the interconnection of evolutionary history and geological changes.

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Understanding Macroevolution and the Timeline of Human Evolution

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  1. Chapter 5 Macroevolution: Processes of Vertebrate and Mammalian Evolution

  2. How old is the human species? Darwin’s Dangerous idea @8:45

  3. The Earth is 4.6 Billion years old Homo sapien sapiens 92,000ya Homo erectus 1.8-0.3mya Homo sapien sapiens 22,000ya Australopithicus afarensis 3-1.8mya Homo habilis 2.1-1.6mya

  4. Australopithicus africanus 3.03-2.04 mya Million Years Ago

  5. Geological Eraslargest category • Paleozoic • Vertebrates appeared 500 mya. • Mesozoic • Reptiles were dominant land vertebrate, placental mammals appeared 70 mya. • Cenozoic • Divided into Tertiary and Quaternary periods and 7 epochs.

  6. epochssmallest category • Smallest category of the geological time scale. • In the Cenozoic, epochs include • Holocene • Pleistocene • Pliocene • Miocene • Oligocene • Eocene • Paleocene

  7. Geological Time Scale The organization of earth history into eras, periods, and epochs; commonly used by geologists and paleoanthropologists.

  8. Fossils of Mesosaurus, a freshwater reptile living during the Paleozoic Era, have been found in both Brazil and South Africa WHY?

  9. Early Permian period 300mya (in the Paleozoic Epoch)

  10. Continental Drift Today Cretaceous 65mya Jurassic 150mya Permian 225mya The movement of continents on sliding plates of the earth’s surface. As a result, the positions of large landmasses have shifted drastically during the earth’s history.

  11. FOSSIL EVIDENCE LYSTROSAURUS India Africa South America Australia Antarctica CYNOGNATHUS MESOSAURUS GLOSSOPTERIS

  12. Plate tectonics

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