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Understanding the Skeletal System: Functions, Anatomy, and Joints

Explore the skeletal system, comprising the bones in your body, their functions (protection, shape, blood cell production), and detailed anatomy (axial & appendicular). Learn about bone structure (periosteum, marrow) and joint types. Discover how ligaments, cartilage, and synovial fluid facilitate movement at different joint types.

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Understanding the Skeletal System: Functions, Anatomy, and Joints

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  1. Skeletal System Bones

  2. Skeletal System • Name given to the collection of bones in your body.

  3. Functions • Protects vital organs • Gives shape and form • Allows for movement • Make blood cells and stores minerals

  4. Two Parts • Axial – Skull, Vertebral Column, Ribs and Sternum

  5. Two Parts • Appendicular – limbs and girdles • Pectoral Girdle – Shoulders • Pelvic Girdle – Hips

  6. Bones • 4 Parts • Periosteum • Compact Bone • Cancellous Bone • Bone Marrow

  7. Periosteum • Outer surface • Contains blood vessels and nerves • Nourishes bone cells

  8. Compact Bone • Next Layer • Provides strength and support • Blood vessels in tiny canals

  9. Cancellous Bone • Inside Compact Bone • Open spaces

  10. Bone Marrow • Inside Cancellous Bone • Thick jelly-like layer that makes blood cells or stores fat.

  11. Joints • The places where two bones meet. • Two types, moving and fixed joints. • Moving can move • Fixed cannot.

  12. Moving Joints • Have 3 parts • Ligaments strong elastic bands that keep the attach one bone to another. • Cartilage cushion the area where bones meet. • Synovial fluid – lubricant

  13. 4 Joints • Sutures • Hinge Joint • Ball and Socket • Sliding Joints

  14. Sutures – Fixed Joint • No movement. • Skulls

  15. Hinge Joint – Moving Joint • Allow for one-way movement • Work just like doors • Elbow, Knee, Fingers

  16. Ball and Socket – Moving Joint • Allow movement in every direction • Shoulders, hips

  17. Sliding Joints – Moving Joint • Allow for lots of flexibility • Wrist

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