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CHAPTER 10 A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL

CHAPTER 10 A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL. TRENDS IN CLIENT POPULATIONS The Incarcerated, Their Families, and the Victims of Crime In 2004, 6.4 Million in Jail, on Probation, or on Parole in the U.S. (3% of Americans)

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CHAPTER 10 A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL

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  1. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • TRENDS IN CLIENT POPULATIONS • The Incarcerated, Their Families, and the Victims of Crime • In 2004, 6.4 Million in Jail, on Probation, or on Parole in the U.S. (3% of Americans) • Most Prisoners: Undereducated, Came from Dysfunctional Families, Abused Substances • Needed: A Multisystem Approach That Addresses These Clients and Their Issues • HS Professionals Will Increasingly Be Working Within the Criminal Justice System

  2. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Individuals who are HIV-Positive • U.S.: Over One Million are HIV-Positive. Worldwide: 42 Million are HIV-Positive or have AIDS • HS Professionals Will be Important in Education and Deliverer of Counseling Services

  3. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • The Homeless and the Poor • 37 Million or 12.7% of the U.S. Population is Poor , approximately 1% of the population may become homeless for a portion of any given year. • Minorities Are Disproportionately Represented • Negative Results of Homelessness & Poverty: Despair, Hopelessness, Increased Illness

  4. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Older People • Percent of Persons over 65: 1900 - 4.1%; 1996 - 12.8%, 2030 - 20% • Older Persons Tend to Be Poorer • Facilities: Mental Health Centers, Long-Term Care Facilities, Senior Centers, Programs Offered Through Religious Organizations and Social Service Agencies • Increased Need for Social Services: Income Assistance, Health Care, Housing, Employment, Leisure Activities, Environmental Assistance • More HS Professionals Will be Needed to Work With This Growing Population

  5. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Individuals Who Are Chronically Mentally Ill • 22% of the Adult Population Is Affected by a Mental Disorder Every Year • 3% of Adults Have a Chronic Mental Disorder • Only 11% of This Population Seeks Mental Health Treatment Each Year • Increase in Outpatient Care Due to: Psychotropic Medications Passage of the Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963 Proliferation of Social Service Programs U.S. Supreme Court Decision: Donaldson vs. O’Conner (1975) . Deinstitutionalization

  6. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • People with Disabilities • 1 in 8 Individuals Identifies Himself of Herself as Having a Disability • Of the 53 Million Americans With Disabilities, 5 Million are Under 15 Years Old • 1 in 6 Individuals is Born With His or Her Disability • Federal Laws Have Greatly Affected the Ability of the Disabled to Receive Services Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (Pl94‑142) Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Rehabilitation Act of 1973 Americans with Disabilities Act of 1992

  7. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Individuals at Risk for Chemical Dependence (2005) • 22.5 million dependent on drugs or alcohol • 19.1 Million Current Illicit Drug Users • 55 Million Binge Drinkers in the past 30 days • 17 Million Heavy Drinkers • 1 in 7 Americans are Children of Alcoholics (COAs) • Facilities: Hospital Detox Units, Halfway Houses, Drug and Alcohol Treatment Centers

  8. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Technology in Human Service Work • Today: More Than 61 % of Homes Have a Computer • 42% of Home Computers Have Internet Access • Mental Health Professionals Use Computers (e.g., Case Management, Record Keeping, Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis, Testing, Personality Assessment, Comprehensive Career Counseling, Documentation, and Assisting Clients in Learning New Skills)

  9. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Technology in Human Service Work (cont.) • Training of Helping Professionals (e.g., Interactive Videos and CD-ROMs • Internet: e.g. E-mail, Distribution Lists, Listservs, Video Streaming, Web-Based Courses • Ethical Guidelines for Internet On-Line Counseling (ACA) Have Been Developed

  10. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Standards in the Profession 1. Accreditation 2. Ethical Codes 3. Skills Standards 4. Credentialing

  11. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • A Developmental and Primary PreventionEmphasis • Understand the Developmental Level of Client and Determine Developmental Readiness • Increased Focus on the Wellness Approach • Primary Prevention: Concentrate on Prevention of Problems and Promotion of Wellness • Secondary Prevention:Focuses on the Control of Non Severe Mental Health Problems • Tertiary Prevention: Concentrates on the Control of Serious Mental Health Problems

  12. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Managed Health Care • Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs) and Employee Assistance Programs (EAPs) • Maintain Costs by Focusing on Primary Prevention and Early Detection of Problems

  13. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Medical Breakthroughs and Mental Health Individuals Will Need to Make Complex Decisions Regarding Their Health Medical Decisions That May Prolong Life Affects of medical Procedures on Families Whether to Know if One is Likely to Acquire a Disease (Genetic Testing) Whether to Become Pregnant With Children Who are Likely to Acquire a Disease How the Use of Medicine Might Affect One’s Way of Interacting in the World HS Professionals Will Need to be Versed on the Medical Aspects and on Ethics

  14. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Increased Focus on Multicultural Issues Multicultural Counseling is a Hot Topic!!! We Will See: Increased Training New Theories and Models Increased Research on the Efficacy of Varying Counseling Approaches With Diverse Clients Human Service Professionals Must Have: Knowledge About Other Cultures The Skills Necessary in Working With Diverse Populations The Proper Attitudes When Working With Individuals of Varying Cultural Backgrounds Increased Emphasis on Multicultural Awareness and Counseling in Human Service Programs

  15. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Stress, Cynicism and Burnout: Understanding and Combating It • Human Service Work is a High‑Stress Field • Compassion Fatigue/Vicarious Traumatization Syndrome • Hans Selye: Stress is an Adaptive Response to a Changing Situation • The Wheel of Wellness: Myers, Sweeney, and Witmer • Stress is Related to the Burnout • Carl Whitaker Suggests the Following to Stay Healthy Place Yourself As a Priority

  16. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Stress, Cynicism and Burnout: Understanding and Combating It (Continued) Learn How to Love Listen to Your Impulses Listen to Your Inner Voice, Listen to Others Enjoy Your Significant Other More Than Anyone Else Fracture Role Structures and Challenge Authority Build Long‑Term Relationships so You Feel Safe to Express Your Feelings Act "Crazy" and Whimsical Face the Fact That You must Grow until You Die

  17. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Your Future in the Human Services Trends in Jobs and Earnings There Will be a Great Increase in Human Service Jobs Best Opportunities May Be in Job Training Programs, Residential Care Facilities, Private Social Service Agencies (e.g., Adult Day Care, Meal Delivery Programs) Increasingly, Human Service Professionals Will Need More Advanced Degrees, Some Kind of On-the-Job Experience, and/or Internship for Employment Salaries Range Between $19,220 and $30,900 to start in 2006 Median was $24,270 With Master's Degree or in an Administrative Positions: Can Earn Well Above $40,000

  18. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Your Future in the Human Services (cont.) Finding a Job/Applying to Graduate School (Consider Following) • Networking • Developing a Résumé • Devising a Portfolio • Looking Good and the Interview • Going on an Informational Interview • Other: Apply Directly to Employer; Respond to, or Place Ad in Newspaper or Professional Journal, Go to Employment Agency, Utilize College Placement Office

  19. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL Points to Consider When Applying to a Graduate School • Program Accreditation • Size • Client Emphasis • Faculty-Student Ratio • Philosophical Orientation • Location of Field Experience • Counseling Specialties Offered • Placement of Recent Grads • Degree Requirements • Cost • Degree Granted • Availability of Scholarships and Loans • Entry Requirements • Correlation of Degree Requirements with Certification Requirements • Location

  20. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL Locating a Graduate Program Some Sources Include (See Book for Addresses and Web Sites) • Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Ed. Programs (CACREP) • Master’s & Doctoral Programs in Counseling, Book: Counselor Preparation 1999-2001: Programs, Faculty, Trends • American Psychological Association (APA) • Council on Rehabilitation Education, Inc. (CORE) • Commission on Accreditation of Marriage and Family Therapy Education • Association for Clinical Pastoral Education, Inc. • Council on Social Work Education • American Art Therapy Association

  21. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL Some Specifics to Applying to Graduate School 1. Meeting Deadlines 5. Interviewing 2. Completing Forms 6. Submitting a Résumé 3. Take a Cognitive Ability Test 7. Submitting a Portfolio 4. Writing an Essay 8. Being Admitted, Being Denied

  22. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • Ethical and Professional Issues: Continuing Education Learning Is a Lifelong Process Join Your Professional Associations Participate in Workshops Take Additional Coursework, Earn an Advanced Degree Get a Credential ?????

  23. CHAPTER 10A LOOK TO THE FUTURE: TRENDS IN THE FUNCTION AND ROLES OF THE HUMAN SERVICE PROFESSIONAL • The Developmentally Mature Human Service Professional: Anxious about Change, Desirous of Change, Hopeful about the Future • Take on New Challenges, Even If They’re Scary • Be Positive and Hopeful about the Future • Look Ahead

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