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Chap 2 Political Revolutions

Chap 2 Political Revolutions. Vocab Words. 1) The Enlightenment-Intellectual Movement that stressed reason and questioned the traditional role of government 2) Absolute Monarchy-Ruler who has complete authority over the government and lives of its

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Chap 2 Political Revolutions

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  1. Chap 2 Political Revolutions Vocab Words

  2. 1) The Enlightenment-Intellectual Movement that • stressed reason and questioned the traditional • role of government • 2) Absolute Monarchy-Ruler who has complete • authority over the government and lives of its • citizens and rule through the theory of divine right • 3)Louis XVI-Absolute monarch of France whose failed attempts • at reform led to the French Revolution • 4) Marie Antoinette- Queen of France whose lavish lifestyle • and spending became the basis for the French Revolution • 5) Old Regime-the traditional political and social structure • of France before the French Revolution

  3. 6)First Estate- Social Class consisting of Roman • Catholic Clergy Members • 7)Second Estate- Social Class consisting of the French • Nobility • 8)Third Estate-Social Class consisting of the Middle Class that embraced the Enlightenment ideals and demanded change which led to the French Revolution • 9)National Assembly- Legislature made up of delegates from the Third Estate that demanded the end of absolute monarchy • 10)Bastille- A prison located in Paris, France that was attacked by French revolutionaries in order to gain weapons

  4. 11) Maximilien Robespierre- Radical revolutionary and became leader of the French government after the French Revolution 12) Committee of Public Safety- Chief mission was to protect Robespierre’s power by any means necessary 13) Reign of Terror- Chaotic time of Robespierre’s rule in which hundreds of people that challenged his rule were arrested and executed 14)Napoleon Bonaparte- French General that began a dictatorship and eventually wanted to control all of Europe

  5. 15) Napoleonic Code: Comprehensive law code started • by Napoleon that promoted order and authority • over individual rights • 16) Congress of Vienna- Restored order to Europe after the defeat • of Napoleon 17) Toussaint L’Ouverture- Former slave that led an independence movement in Haiti against French colonial rule 18) Simon Bolivar/Jose de San Martin- Latin American revolutionaries that led independence movements throughout South America 19) Porfirio Diaz- Unjust Dictator of Mexico

  6. 20) Pancho Villa/Emiliano Zapata- Mexican revolutionaries that eventually led to end of Diaz’s • reign over Mexico

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