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HELMINTOLOGI VETERINER

HELMINTOLOGI VETERINER. Filum : Plathyhelminthes Klas Trematoda Klas Cestoda Filum : Nemathelminthes Klas Nematoda. KLAS TREMATODA. Ciri-ciri - flat, unsegmented worms -leaf-like organism -incomplete digestive tract -oral sucker (nourishment) -ventral sucker/acetabulum (attachment)

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HELMINTOLOGI VETERINER

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  1. HELMINTOLOGI VETERINER

  2. Filum : Plathyhelminthes • Klas Trematoda • Klas Cestoda Filum : Nemathelminthes • Klas Nematoda

  3. KLAS TREMATODA Ciri-ciri - flat, unsegmented worms -leaf-like organism -incomplete digestive tract -oral sucker (nourishment) -ventral sucker/acetabulum (attachment) • All hermaphroditic • All require 2 intermediate hosts • Eggs of all trematodes operculated • The infective stage is metacercaria except Schistosomes (sercaria)

  4. Famili : FasciolidaeGenus: Fasciola hepatica Predileksi : Saluran Empedu Host Definitif : Ruminansia, anjing, kucing, manusia, dll Host Indermediate : Siput air (Lymnaea sp.)

  5. Famili : DicrocoelidaeGenus : Eurytrema pancreaticum TELUR • Predileksi : Saluran pancreas, kadang empedu, duodenum • Host Definitif : Ruminansia, kuda, manusia • Host Indermediate : Host 1 Siput tanah Host 2 Belalang SIPUT MIRASIDIUM SPOROKISTA INDUK SPOROKISTA ANAK SERKARIA SAPI BELALANG SERKARIA METASERKARIA SERKARIA

  6. Famili : ParamphistomatidaeGenus : Paramphistomum Cervi Predileksi : Rumen, Retikulum Host Definitif : Domba, Kambing, Sapi Host Indermediate : Siput air (Lymnaea sp., Planorbis sp, Bulinus sp, Fossaria sp, dll) Rumen/ Retikulum Duodenum Serkaria Sporokista Redia Serkaria Mirasidium

  7. Cotylophoron cotylophorum • Predileksi : Rumen, Retikulum • Host Definitif : Domba, Kambing, Sapi • Host Indermediate : Siput air (Lymnaea sp., Planorbis sp, Bulinus sp, Fossaria sp, dll) • Morfologi : sama seperti Paramphistomum tp ukurannya lebih kecil (telur dan cacing)

  8. Gastrothylax crumenifer • Predileksi : Rumen, Retikulum • Host Definitif : Domba, Kambing, Sapi, Kerbau, Zebu • Host Indermediate : Siput air (Lymnaea sp., Planorbis sp, Bulinus sp, Fossaria sp, dll) • Morfologi : genital pore terbuka di dalam kantong

  9. Famili : ParagonomidaeGenus : Paragonimus westermanii Predileksi : Paru-paru, kadang otak, spinal cord dan organ lain Host Definitif : Babi, anjing, kucing, kambing, sapi, karnivora, manusia Host Indermediate : Host 1 Siput air Host 2 Kepiting dan Crustacea

  10. Famili : SchistomatidaeGenus : Schistosoma japonicum Predileksi : Vena porta, Vena mesenterica Host Definitif : Babi, anjing, kucing, kambing,kelinci,kuda, sapi, manusia Host Indermediate : Siput Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis

  11. KLAS CESTODA Ciri-ciri -ribbon like and dorsovebtrally flattened -most of it indirect cycle -hermaprodite -cycts are intermediate larva stage of parasite -the body can be divided into 3 broad parts - Segmented worm Egg • Basic structure comprising oncosphere or hexacanth embrio, a striated shell/embryophore an a delicate membran • Egg are expelled out from the gravid segment

  12. Famili : AnoplocephalidaeGenus : Moniezia • Predileksi : Usus halus • Host Definitif : Domba, Kambing, Sapi, Ruminansia lain • Host Indermediate : Tungau (Galumna, Oribatula, Peloribates, dll) Embrio heksakan/ onkosfer tungau

  13. Famili : DavainedidaeGenus : Raillietina • Predileksi : Usus halus • Host Definitif : Ayam, burung merpati, ayam mutiara • Host Indermediate : Lalat Musca domestica, Semut (Tetramorium dan Pheidole)

  14. Famili : DilepididaeGenus : Dipylidium caninum • Predileksi : Usus halus • Host Definitif : Anjing, kucing, serigala, manusia • Host Indermediate : Pinjal Ctenocephalides canis, C felis, Pulex irritans dan kutu Trichodectes canis

  15. Famili : TaenidaeGenus : Taenia • Predileksi : larva : Otot bergaris dewasa : Usus halus • Host Definitif : Manusia • Host Indermediate : Babi, kambing, domba, sapi, ruminansia lain, kuda, anjing, manusia, dll

  16. Famili : DiphyllobothridaeGenus : Diphyllobotrium latum • Predileksi : Usus halus • Host Definitif : manusia, anjing, babi, kucing, hewan pemakan ikan • Host Indermediate : Host 1 bangsa crustacea Cyclops sternuus Diaptomus gracilis Host 2 ikan air tawar Solmons fish

  17. Diphyllobothrium latum

  18. KLAS NEMATODA Ciri-ciri -alco known as round worm -radial symmetry-cylindrical body - unsegmented - free living or parasitis - Egg pass unembryonated or embryonated (L1) - -

  19. Famili : AscarididaeGenus : Ascaris suum • Predileksi : Usus halus • Host Definitif : babi, kadang pada domba,sapi, anjing

  20. Ascaris equorum Ascaris suum

  21. Genus : Toxocara • Predileksi : Usus halus • Host Definitif : Anjing

  22. Famili : HeterakidaeGenus : Heterakis gallinarum • Predileksi : Sekum • Host Definitif : Ayam, kalkun dan unggas lain

  23. Genus : Ascaridia Galli • Predileksi : usus halus • Host Definitif : Ayam, kalkun dna unggas lain

  24. Famili : StrongyloididaeGenus : Strongyloides sp. • Strongyloides papilosus • Predileksi : usus halus • Host Definitif : Domba, kambing, sapi, kelinci dan ruminansia lain Strongyloides westermani • Predileksi : • Usus halus • Host definitif : • kuda, babi, zebra Kulit ->Kapiler->Paru-paru-> Trakea->Esofagus->Usus halus Kolostrum/placenta ke fetus L 1 L2->L3 L2->L3->L4 L1->L2->L3

  25. Famili : TrichonematidaeGenus : Oesophagostomum • Predileksi : kolon • Host Definitif : Domba, kambing, rusa L3->L4 Gut wall L4->L5 Lumen Menempel di rumput L1->L2->L3 (infektif) 1 minggu Embionasi 24 jam

  26. Famili : AncylostomatidaeGenus : Ancylostoma caninum • Predileksi : usus halus • Host Definitif : anjing, karnivora lain, sangat jarang di usus manusia Usus halus Blood vessel Heart Lung Trachea Air susu L3 L2 L1 L1

  27. Bunostomum trigonocephalum Gaigeria pachyscelis • Predileksi : duodenum • Host Definitif : Domba, kambing • Predileksi : usus halus • Host Definitif : Domba, kambing, rusa

  28. Famili : TrichostrongylidaeGenus: Haemonchus contortus • Predileksi : abomasum • Host Definitif : Domba, kambing, sapi dan ruminasia lain

  29. Trichostrongylus axei Mecistocirrus digitatus • Predileksi : abomasum • Host Definitif : Domba, kambing, sapi, rusa, dan di lambung babi, kuda, keledai, manusia • Predileksi : abomasum • Host Definitif : sapi, kerbau, zebu, kadang doma, kambing,ruminansia lain

  30. Famili : MetastrongylidaeGenus : Metastrongylus apri • Predileksi : bronchi dan bronchioli • Host Definitif : • babi kadang domba, rusa, anjing hutan dan ruminansia lain dapat pula menyerang manusia Usus halus (L3)->dinding usus->limfoglandula mesenterica (L4)->jantung dan paru-paru (dewasa) Cacing tanah L1->L2->L3

  31. Famili : AcuaridaeGenus : Acuaria spiralis • Predileksi : proventriculus dan esofagus • Host Definitif : • ayam, kalkun, merpati dan unggas lain

  32. Famili : ThelaziidaeGenus : Thelazia sp. • T. rhodesii • Predileksi : saccus conjunctiva atau ductus lacrimalis • Host Definitif : • sapi, kambing, domba, kerbau • T. Callipaeda : • Predileksi : • Membrans nictitan • Host Definitif : • anjing, kadang kelinci dan manusia • Host Intermediate : • Lalat Musca (M. Larvipara, M. Convexcifrons)

  33. Genus : Oxyxpirura sp. Crop Esofagus Tear duct Eye (dewasa) Bertelur di tear duct (tertelan) Feses • Predileksi : membrans nictitan • Host Definitif : • ayam dan kalkun • Host Intermediate • Kecoak Unggas kecoa telur

  34. Genus : Gongylonema • Predileksi : mukosa/submukosa crop • Host Definitif : • ayam dan kalkun • Host Intermediate • Kecoak Blatella germanica

  35. Famili : SetariidaeGenus : Stephanofilaria dedoesi • Predileksi dan Host definitif : Kulit sapi di sulawesi, sumatra dan jawa • Host Intermediate • Lalat genus Musca, Lyperosia, Stomoxys

  36. Famili : TrichuridaeGenus : Trichuris ovis • Predileksi : sekum • Host Definitif : • kambing, domba, sapi dan ruminansia lain Usus halus->usus besar->caecum L1 dlm 4 w unembrionated

  37. Filum : Acantocephala • Famili : Oligacanthorhynchidae • Genus : Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus • Habitat : usus halus • Inang definitif : babi • Inang intermediate : kumbang kotoran

  38. PEMERIKSAAN TELUR CACING PADA FESES TEKNIK NATIF • Teteskan 1-2 tetes air (eosin 1-2%) padagelasobjek • Ambilsedikitfesesdenganlididandicampurdenganbaik • Tutupdengangelaspenutupdanlihatdibawahmikroskopdenganperbesaran 40-100x • Apabilahewanmenderitahelminthiasisakanditemukantelurcacing METODE APUNG (GULA JENUH) • Larutkanfesesdengan air sehinggadidapatkankonsentrasi 10% (1 bagianfesesdengan 10 bagian air) • Saringlarutanfesesdengansaringan the (kainkasa) • Masukkanfiltratkedalamtabungsentrifusedanlakukansentrifugasi 1500 rpm selama 5-10 menit • Buangsupernatandantambahkan air dalamjumlah yang samadanaduksampaihomogen • Ulangisentrifugasidengancara yang samadengannomer 3 danbuangsupernatan • Ulangicaratersebutsampaididapatkansupernatan yang bersih (jernih) • Buangsupernatandantambahkangulajenuhsampai 2/3 tabungdancampurdenganmembolak-balikkantabung • Sentifugasidengankecepatan yang samadengancarasebelumnya • Letakkantabungpadaraktabungdenganposisitegak • Tambahkangulajenuhsampaijenuhdanmembentukcembungpadapermukaantabung • Tutupdengangelaspenutupdanbiarkan 5 menit • Ambilgelaspenutupdanletakkanpadaobjekgelasdandilihatdibawahmikroskopdenganperbesaran 40-400x

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