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Chapter 2

Chapter 2. The English Colonies. Tell about Jamestown (2). Formed by an English joint-stock company called the London Company Founded in present-day Virginia on April 26, 1607. Section 1-The Southern Colonies -pg 36. 2. Tell how John Smith helped Jamestown to survive (3).

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Chapter 2

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  1. Chapter 2 The English Colonies

  2. Tell about Jamestown (2) Formed by an English joint-stock company called the London Company Founded in present-day Virginia on April 26, 1607 Section 1-The Southern Colonies -pg 36

  3. 2. Tell how John Smith helped Jamestown to survive (3) Men of Jamestown lacked farming & useful skills to survive Jamestown located on a marsh full of disease-carrying mosquitoes Smith forced settlers to work & to build better housing

  4. How did Powhatan Confederacy help Jamestown? (3) Powhatan led by Wahunsonacock, father of Pocahontas Brought food to Jamestown Taught them to grow corn

  5. Explain headright system (2) English colonists who paid their own way to Virginia received 50 acres of land An additional 50 acres could be earned for every additional person brought from England

  6. 5. Tell about indentured servants (1) English colonists who received a free trip to North America by agreeing to work without pay for a period of seven years

  7. 6. Tell about Bacon’s Rebellion (2) Nathaniel Bacon led Jamestown colonists against governor of Jamestown due to his not taking care of problems with some Native Americans Bacon burned Jamestown

  8. 7. Tell about Maryland (2) England’s Catholics came to America to escape religious persecution George Calvert received a charter to start a new colony, Maryland, for Catholics

  9. Tell about Toleration Act of 1649 (2) The growing number of Protestants moving to Maryland began to have religious conflicts with the Catholics Toleration Act made it a crime to restrict religious rights of Christians—1st law passed in colonies to support religious tolerance

  10. Tell about North Carolina (2) Carolina started as one colony, but was later separated into North and South Carolina Most North Carolina colonists were just small farmers

  11. Tell about South Carolina (1) (1) Made up of colonists who could afford their own way to America, were given large sums of land, & often brought over African slaves

  12. 11. Tell about Georgia (2) Olgethorpe was granted a charter to start Georgia Georgia was: 1--to shield rest of British colonies from Spanish Florida 2--a place for jailed English debtors to make a new start

  13. ? are cash crops? (2) Southern colony crops sold for profit such as tobacco, rice, & indigo South enjoyed long growing season due to warm climate

  14. 13. How did the South deal with the large work force that was needed to grow cash crops? (1) Enslaved Africans

  15. 14. Tell about Olaudah Equiano Former slave who recorded his brutal experiences as a slave

  16. 15. ? were the slave codes? (3) Southern colony laws to control slaves Colonists afraid slaves would revolt Slaves could not hold meetings or own weapons

  17. Go over Interactive pages Study for Chapter 2, Section 1 quiz for tomorrow

  18. Who were the Puritans? (2) Protestant group that wanted to purify, or reform, Anglican Church Thought bishops & priests had too much power over church members Section 2-The New England Colonies -pg 42

  19. 2. Who were the Pilgrims? (3) Separatist group that left England to escape persecution Moved to Netherlands then later to America on the Mayflower in 1620 as a joint stock company They were immigrants

  20. 3. ? are immigrants? (1) People who have left the country of their birth to live in another country

  21. 4. ? was Mayflower Compact? (3) Pilgrims landed north of their granted charter at Plymouth Rock Decide to establish their own laws Legal contract in which they agreed to have fair laws to protect the general good

  22. 5. Who were Samoset & Squanto (2) Indians who helped the Pilgrims Squanto taught Pilgrims to fertilize using fish remains & establish relations with local Indians

  23. 6. ? was the Great Migration? (16) Due to England’s economic, political, & religious problems, thousands of English left England for English colonies Massachusetts Bay Company formed

  24. Tell about Massachusetts Bay Company (3) Charter given to Puritans to settle New England Led by John Winthrop Believed they had a covenant or promise with God to build an ideal Christian community

  25. 8. Which New England Puritan colony did Thomas Hooker start? (2) Connecticut Allowed men who were not church members to vote

  26. 9. ? Puritan colony did Roger Williams form? (2) Providence that later became Rhode Island Supported the separation of church from state in making laws

  27. 10. Who was Anne Hutchinson? (5) Considered a radical for speaking publicly about her religious ideas Felt people’s relationship with God did not need guidance from ministers Put on trial for her ideas Forced from colony Helped found Portsmouth which later became part of Rhode Island

  28. 11. Since the New England soil & weather was not good for farming, ? was their economy dependent upon? (4) Merchant trade Fishing Shipbuilding Skilled craftspeople

  29. 12. Why was education important in New England? (2) Parents wanted their children to be able to read the Bible To be sure future generations would have educated ministers

  30. Go over Interactive pages Study for Chapter 2, Section 2 quiz for tomorrow

  31. Tell about New Netherland (4) Founded by Dutch New Amersterdam, a town, became the fur trading post of New Netherland Generous land grants & religious tolerance Led by Peter Stuyvesant Section 3-The Middle Colonies -pg 49

  32. 2. How did New York City come about? (2) English fleet captured New Amsterdam without a fight New Amsterdam renamed New York City

  33. 3. Tell about Quakers(4) Aka Society of Friends Made up one of largest religious groups in New Jersey Did not follow formal religious practices & dressed plainly Believed in equality of men & women, nonviolence, & religious tolerance for all

  34. 4. Tell about William Penn (1) A Quaker who founded a safe home or colony, Pennsylvania, for Quakers, who were persecuted in both England & America

  35. ? kind of government did William Penn set up in Pennsylvania? (1) Representative self-government--- a government that reflects its citizens’ will using an elected assembly

  36. 6. Tell about staple crops in the Middle Colonies (1) Good climate & rich land allowed farmers to grow large amounts of crops that are always needed such as wheat, barley, & oats

  37. 7. Describe role of women throughout colonies (3) Ran farms & businesses: farms, clothing, grocery, bakery, drugstore Some practiced medicine, nursing, midwives Colonial laws limited women’s economic opportunities

  38. Go over Interactive pages Study for Chapter 2, Section 3 quiz for tomorrow

  39. 1. Who had ultimate authority over all of the colonies? (2) The English monarch A group of royal advisers called the Privy Council set English colonial policies Section 4-Life in the English Colonies -pg 54

  40. 2. Contrast royal vs proprietary colonies (2) Royal: English king or queen selected governor & council members Proprietary: proprietors chose all of these officials

  41. Explain assemblies (1) Some colonies elected representatives to help make laws and set policy-----these officials served on assemblies

  42. Explain Virginia’s colonial legislature (2) Made up of 2 houses: ---1st house known as the Council of State selected by governor & London Company ---2nd house known as House of Burgesses elected by colonists

  43. 5. Explain the town meeting(2) Center of politics in New England colonies People talked about & decided on issues of local interest, such as paying for schools

  44. Different Forms of Colonial Government • Monarch ****** ultimate authority over all English colonies • Privy Council ***royal advisors; set English colonial policies • Governors ***appointed by crown, or proprietors, or elected by people • Assemblies ***elected representatives • Town Meetings ***center of New England politics • Courts ****provided control over local affairs;protected individual freedoms

  45. 6. Tell about English Bill of Rights (2) Parliament replaced the unpopular King James during the Glorious Revolution Parliament then passed this act/law that reduced the powers of the English monarch giving Parliament more power

  46. Explain mercantilism (2) System of creating & maintaining wealth through carefully controlled trade One of England’s main reasons for controlling the colonies was to earn money from trade

  47. 8. How did England plan to control trade over the colonies? (1) Navigation Acts

  48. 9. Explain the Navigation Acts(3) Forbid colonists from trading with any other country except England Colonists could only use English ships to transport goods All trade goods had to pass through English ports

  49. 10. Explain triangular trade(1) System in which goods & slaves were traded among the Americas, Britain, & Africa

  50. 11. Explain the Middle Passage (1) Name given to terrifying slave voyage & trade that brought millions of Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to America

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