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8th Grade Review Quiz

8th Grade Review Quiz. “Things I should know… but that was 3 years ago!!”. Explain the significance of the following dates …. 1607. The English establish Jamestown (first permanent settlement). 1776. The Declaration of Independence (signed JULY 4 th 1776). 1787.

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8th Grade Review Quiz

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  1. 8th Grade Review Quiz “Things I should know…but that was 3 years ago!!”

  2. Explain the significance of the following dates …

  3. 1607 • The English establish Jamestown (first permanent settlement) 1776 • The Declaration of Independence (signed JULY 4th 1776)

  4. 1787 • US Constitution written in Philadelphia (creates federal government) 1803 • Louisiana Purchase (bought by Thomas Jefferson)

  5. 1861-1865 • Civil War

  6. Explain the roles played by the following individuals during the American Revolution …

  7. PEOPLE Samuel Adams • Helped form the Committee of Correspondence (This committee coordinated resistance throughout the colonies.)

  8. PEOPLE Benjamin Franklin • Contributed to theDeclaration of Independence • Contributed to the Constitution

  9. PEOPLE King George III • King of England at the time of the American Revolution

  10. PEOPLE Thomas Jefferson • Author of Declaration of Independence • Governor of Virginia • Minister to France • Secretary of State

  11. PEOPLE Thomas Jefferson • Third President of the United States (1801-1809) • Authorized the Louisiana Purchase (1803) as President

  12. PEOPLE Marquis de Lafayette • French officer (assisted American forces in the War for Independence)

  13. PEOPLE Thomas Paine • Writer (Common Sense) • Convinced many to support a complete break with Great Britain

  14. PEOPLE George Washington • Army General • President of constitutional convention • First President (1789-1797)

  15. Explain the significance of the following important documents …

  16. DOCUMENTS Mayflower Compact • Agreement in which settlers of Plymouth Colony agreed to obey their government’s laws

  17. DOCUMENTS Declaration of Independence • Why was it written? • “Dear John letter” • British government would not allow colonists to have the same rights as other British citizens

  18. DOCUMENTS Declaration of Independence • Who wrote it? • Thomas Jefferson • When was it signed? • July 4th 1776

  19. DOCUMENTS Declaration of Independence • Main Ideas, section 1 • Unalienable Rights stated (life, liberty, pursuit of happiness) • If government fails, the people have a right to change it.

  20. DOCUMENTS Declaration of Independence • Main Ideas, section 2 • Accuses King George III of failing to uphold the rights of the colonists

  21. DOCUMENTS Declaration of Independence • Main Ideas, section 3 • States that the Colonies are an independent nation, separate from Great Britain

  22. DOCUMENTS Articles of Confederation(1777, went into effect in 1781) WEAKNESSESCongress could not: • Regulate trade between states • Impose taxes • Amend the Articles without the approval of all 13 states

  23. DOCUMENTS Federalist Papers • Supported the Constitution • Supported a strong national government

  24. DOCUMENTS US Constitution (1787) • 3 Branches of Government • Executive Branch (President, enforces laws) • Legislative Branch (Congress, makes laws)

  25. DOCUMENTS US Constitution (1787) • 3 Branches of Government • Judicial Branch (Supreme Court, interprets laws)

  26. DOCUMENTS US Constitution (1787) • Checks and Balances • System in which each of the branches of the federal government can check the actions of the other branches

  27. DOCUMENTS US Constitution (1787) • 3 Examples of Unalienable Rights • Life • Liberty • The pursuit of happiness

  28. DOCUMENTS US Constitution (1787) • Popular Sovereignty • Ensures that the people hold final authority in all matters • “People power”

  29. DOCUMENTS US Constitution (1787) • Republicanism • Form of government in which the will of the people is expressed through representatives who are elected to create/enforce laws

  30. DOCUMENTS US Constitution (1787) • Federalism • Division of power between the national & state governments • Certain powers are shared by both (concurrent)

  31. DOCUMENTS US Constitution (1787) • Before the Constitution was ratified, it required a Bill of Rights • The first 10 Amendments make up the Bill of Rights.

  32. DOCUMENTS Bill of Rights • Freedom of: • Speech • Press • Religion • Assembly • Right to petition the government

  33. DOCUMENTS Bill of Rights Right to bear arms Civilians will not be forced to house soldiers Protection against unreasonable searches by law enforcement officers

  34. DOCUMENTS Bill of Rights Right of a person under arrest to know why he/she was arrestedRight to refuse to testify against him/herself

  35. DOCUMENTS Bill of Rights Right to a speedy trialRight to a public trial by a jury of peers Right to a trial by jury in civil cases

  36. DOCUMENTS Bill of Rights Protection against excessive bailProtection against cruel and unusual punishment

  37. DOCUMENTS Bill of Rights Rights not specifically listed in the Constitution are not automatically denied to the people.

  38. DOCUMENTS Bill of Rights Guarantee that the people/states are to keep those powers not specifically granted to the federal government

  39. DOCUMENTS How did the following contribute to the Representative Government established during the Colonial time period?

  40. DOCUMENTS Magna Carta • Signed by King John in AD 1215 • Limits the power of the monarch • Taxes could not be collected without the approval of Parliament

  41. DOCUMENTS English Bill of Rights (1689) • Monarchs could not do the following without consent from Parliament: • Institute any taxes • Create any law • Maintain an army during peace time

  42. DOCUMENTS(mas o menos) Enlightenment (1700s) • Use of Reason to improve society and government • Governments owed certain responsibilities to their citizens. • Government power should be limited.

  43. DOCUMENTS(mas o menos) Distance • The Colonies were too far away. • They developed their own version of Parliament.

  44. The American Revolution

  45. AMERICAN REVOLUTION Why did we rebel against the British? Imposing taxes without approval Forcing colonists to house British soldiers Denying trial by jury

  46. AMERICAN REVOLUTION Why did we rebel against the British? Prohibiting trade with other nations Denying representation in Parliament

  47. AMERICAN REVOLUTION Significant Battles • Lexington (April 1775) • “Shot heard ‘round the world” • Concord • Americans defeat British (Start of American Revolution)

  48. AMERICAN REVOLUTION Significant Battles • Saratoga (Summer 1777) • Turning point in Revolutionary War • Convinced France to help the Colonies

  49. AMERICAN REVOLUTION Significant Battles • Yorktown (1781) • The last battle of the Revolutionary War • Cornwallis surrenders to Washington

  50. AMERICAN REVOLUTION Treaty of Paris • Officially ended the Revolutionary War • Britain recognized the independence of the United States

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