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Federal Removal Authorities: CERCLA & CWA/OPA Overview

yorick avatar
yorick
7 diapositives · 170 Views · Aug 04, 2014

Explores EPA's discretionary response powers under CERCLA and CWA/OPA, limitations on response actions, and the role of different agencies in hazardous substance release management. Learn about key authorities and limitations for hazardous substance cleanup.

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Federal Removal Authorities: CERCLA & CWA/OPA Overview
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  1. Removal Authorities 1 ) CERCLA – discretionary response authority to respond to any hazardous substance release into the environment OR release of a pollutant or contaminant release which may pose an imminent and substantial danger to public health or welfare…based on NCP §300.415(b)(2) 2) CWA/OPA – authority to respond to discharges, or threats of discharge of oil to navigable waters. 3) Stafford Act

  2. CERCLA Authority Lead agency has broad authority to address releases of hazardous substances (i.e. no permits for on site actions, OSC determines scope of removal). But, response shall not be undertaken if release: naturally occurring substance in unaltered form… products that are part of the structure of, and result in exposure within, residential buildings or business or community structures into public or private drinking water supplies due to deterioration from ordinary use Petroleum exclusion – another limitation

  3. CERCLA Authority (cont.) EPA can order Responsible Parties (RPs) to conduct cleanup. But, there are (more) limitations: Cannot order RPs if pollutant/contaminant released Nor can EPA recover costs if release is of a pollutant/contaminant

  4. Clean Water Act 311(c) – Federal Removal Authority (1) (A) – The President shall, in accordance with NCP and any appropriate ACP, ensure effective and immediate removal of a discharge, and mitigation or prevention of a substantial threat of discharge, of oil or a hazardous substance-

  5. Clean Water Act 311(c) – Federal Removal Authority (iv) - That may affect natural resources belonging to, appertain to, or under the exclusive management authority of the US – into or on the navigable waters; - on the adjoining shorelines to the navigable waters; - into or on the waters of the exclusive economic zone; or - That may affect natural resources belonging to, appertain to, or under the exclusive management authority of the US

  6. How is response conducted? EPA gets money from USCG National Pollution Funds Center. Can use EPA contractors, can order PRPs, can give money to locals (PRFA). Money for oil spills to water…must prove nexus to Waters of the United States. Means no money for oil spills to soils.

  7. How do we fill the gap? Petition USCG for money to respond. Issue 311(c) order but must consider oversight. Other ideas?