Geoff Hollington 09.11.09

1. Materials and Design in Healthcare Furniture Geoff Hollington 09.11.09

3. > Product innovation and design > Materials and process innovation with BGH > Materials KTN — open innovation > Space IGT > Design2.0 <www.designtwopointzero.com> > Consulting

4. > Design Bugs Out

5. Porter's Chair Minima Vernacare Patient Chair PearsonLloyd Kirton Healthcare Bedside Cabinet Kinneir Dufort Bristol Maid Commode PearsonLloyd Kirton Healthcare Bedside System Hollington Herman Miller > Design Bugs Out winning designs

6. MEDS POD TOP TRAYS PERSONAL POD TUB CART

7. ABS MOULDED MELAMINE POWDER COAT PP COPOLYMER GLASS-FILLED PP

10. Materials and Design Tools: > Materials and processes > Surface finishes > Shape > Communication Goals: > Functional surface properties > Effective cleaning > Wear resistance > Reassuring appearance > Materials and Design

11. Surface properties > Surface properties

12. Hydrophobic = good? Surfaces that shed water easily will not allow bacteria to stick? > Surface properties

13. Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [Gram stain test — HC Gram 1882] The bacterial cell wall a | The Gram-positive cell wall is composed of a thick, multilayered peptidoglycan sheath outside of the cytoplasmic membrane. Teichoic acids are linked to and embedded in the peptidoglycan, and lipoteichoic acids extend into the cytoplasmic membrane. b | The Gram-negative cell wall is composed of an outer membrane linked by lipoproteins to thin, mainly single-layered peptidoglycan. The peptidoglycan is located within the periplasmic space that is created between the outer and inner membranes. The outer membrane includes porins, which allow the passage of small hydrophilic molecules across the membrane, and lipopolysaccharide molecules that extend into extracellular space. Bacteria adhere to hydrophobic surfaces Bacteria slide off hydrophobic surfaces > Surface properties

14. Antimicrobial agents? Kill bacteria automatically when they attach to a surface > Surface properties

15. bacteria attached directly to surfaces soil [aka crud] bacteria inhabiting soil material Anti-microbial agents embedded in substrates or in coatings can only attack bacteria they can touch > Surface properties

16. bacteria inhabiting soil material Anti-microbial agents embedded in substrates or in coatings can only attack bacteria they can touch > Surface properties

17. Cleaning — Technology and Psychology > Cleaning

18. Microfibre systems Can be more effective that tradititional wet systems > Cleaning

19. polyester — lyophilic [affinity to oil] polyamide [nylon] — lyophilic and hydrophilic [affinity to water] < 1.5—2.0 microns > Microfibre filament > Cleaning

20. Surface texture Even very fine textures interfere with cleaning effectiveness > Cleaning

21. Surface textures are common in many product categories, employed for durability, manufacturing consistency and aesthetics Smooth surfaces are problematic in manufacturing and robustness in use, but are essential in many healthcare applications Surface textures > Cleaning

22. Surface roughness average [Ra} must be 0.1microns or less, ie a smooth, glossy appearnce > < Ra [Roughness average] Surface textures > Cleaning

23. Cleaning behaviour Can a design encourage effective cleaning behaviour? > Cleaning

24. The grime boundary becomes the target edge for the next cleaning cycle — possibly > Cleaning

25. Materials and Design in Healthcare Furniture Geoff Hollington 09.11.09

26. Wear resistance > Wear

27. Scratches Scratching significantly diminishes the cleanability of a surface > Wear

28. < 0.5 — 1.0 microns > Both coccus (spherical) and bacillus (rod-shaped) bacteria can be trapped in microscopic surface scratches in materials such as stainless steel and plastics. When a surface is cleaned, trapped bacteria will be left behind, possibly along with the nutrients that support them. > Wear

29. > Wear

30. > Wear

31. User behaviour > User behaviour

32. Users will tend to look after their own interests > User behaviour

33. thank you Geoff Hollington 09.11.09