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Skull, Cranial Nerves, Arteries, Veins, and Meninges

Skull, Cranial Nerves, Arteries, Veins, and Meninges. Outline 1. Skull -External -Internal 2. Cranial Nerves -CN 1-12 3. Meninges -Dura mater 4. Vasculature -Venous sinuses -Arteries 5. Ventricles. 1. Skull. Skull. Fits and protects the brain

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Skull, Cranial Nerves, Arteries, Veins, and Meninges

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  1. Skull, Cranial Nerves, Arteries, Veins, and Meninges Outline 1. Skull -External -Internal 2. Cranial Nerves -CN 1-12 3. Meninges -Dura mater 4. Vasculature -Venous sinuses -Arteries 5. Ventricles

  2. 1.Skull

  3. Skull Fits and protects the brain Permits passage of cranial nerves and blood vessels

  4. cranium facial skeleton

  5. frontal nasal lacrimal sphenoid parietal zygomatic ethmoid temporal vomer maxilla mandible occipital

  6. Fontanels and Sutures anterior fontanelle posterior fontanelle

  7. coronal suture sagittal suture lambdoid suture

  8. bregma lambda

  9. Pterion parietal frontal pterion sphenoid temporal

  10. Middle Meningial Artery Internal view

  11. supraorbital foramen infraorbital foramen mental foramen Foramina of the Face

  12. Stylomastoid Foramen stylomastoid foramen Foramen ovale, V3 mastoid foramen Condylar fossa

  13. Ethmoid Anterior cranial fossa Cribriform plate, optic bulbs Sphenoid ridge Frontal Optic canal Sphenoid Superior orbital fissure, entrance To orbit, CN 3, 4, 6 (eye movement) V1 Middle cranial fossa Foramen rotundum, V2 Temporal Foramen ovale, V3 Foramen spinosum, meningeal nerve, of V3 Internal acoustic meatus, CN 7&8 Petrous ridge Jugular foramen, interna ljugular vein, CN 9, 10 ,11 Occipital Hypoglossal canal, CN 12 Posterior cranial fossa

  14. 2.CranialNerves

  15. Cranial Nerves

  16. Spinal nerve fibers Efferent (motor) fibers Afferent (sensory) fibers Plate 118

  17. Cranial Nerves General Topography • The skull is designed to fit the brain. • Permits passage of cranial nerves and blood vessels • The brain consists of several lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital), the brain stem and the cerebellum Cerebral peduncles Midbrain Pons Medulla Spinal cord

  18. CN I olfactory bulb cribriform plate anterior cranial fossa (inferior view) (superior view)

  19. CN I – special sensory (smell) olfactory bulb olfactory tract cribriform plate olfactory nerves (lateral wall)

  20. CN II optic nerve optic canal middle cranial fossa (inferior view) (superior view)

  21. CN II - route Optic canal Optic nerve Optic chiasm Cells in ganglion cell layer of retina

  22. CN III oculomotor nerve middle cranial fossa superior orbital fissure (inferior view) (superior view)

  23. CN III – somatic motor levator palpebrae superioris superior division superior rectus oculomotor nerve inferior division inferior rectus inferior oblique *(medial rectus not shown)

  24. CN III – parasympathetic TARGETS ciliary ganglion ciliary body sphincter pupillae Parasympathetic root short ciliary nerves

  25. sympathetics (NOT a part of CN III) long ciliary nerves ciliary ganglion TARGETS dilator pupillae internal carotid artery short ciliary nerves *(superior tarsal muscle not shown)

  26. CN IV trochlear nerve middle cranial fossa superior orbital fissure (inferior view) (superior view)

  27. CN IV – somatic motor superior oblique trochlear nerve

  28. CN V V1 - superior orbital fissure trigeminal nerve middle cranial fossa V2 - foramen rotundum V3 - foramen ovale (inferior view) (superior view)

  29. CN V – general sensory V1 - ophthalmic nerve trigeminal ganglion V2 – maxillary nerve V3 – mandibular nerve

  30. CN V1 – general sensory brain

  31. CN V1 supratrochlear nerve supraorbital nerve lacrimal nerve frontal nerve trigeminal ganglion

  32. CN V1 long ciliary n. infratrochlear n. short ciliary n. anterior ethmoid n. ciliary ganglion nasociliary n. trigeminal ganglion

  33. CN V2 – general sensory brain pterygopalatine fossa

  34. CN V2 CN I CN V2 external nasal branch (CN V1) pterygopalatine ganglion greater palatine n. lateral nasal branches lesser palatine n. (lateral wall of nasal cavity)

  35. CN V3 – general sensory infratemporal fossa

  36. CN V3 – branchial motor (first arch) infratemporal fossa

  37. CN V3 deep temporal nn. auriculotemporal n. buccal n. lingual n. mental n. nerve to the mylohyoid m. submandibular ganglion

  38. CN VI abducens nerve middle cranial fossa superior orbital fissure (inferior view) (superior view)

  39. CN VI – somatic motor lateral rectus m. abducens nerve

  40. CN VII Major branches: greater petrosal n. to stapedius chorda tympani brs. to facial muscles

  41. greater petrosal n. geniculate ganglion malleus cochlea internal acoustic meatus facial n. superior view

  42. n. to stapedius chorda tympani n. lateral view

  43. exits stylomastoid foramen

  44. Greater petrosal n. zygomatic n.

  45. N. to stapedius + terminal branches

  46. Chorda tympani n. submandibular ganglion

  47. Chorda tympani n. submandibular ganglion

  48. CN VIII hair cells in cochlear duct spiral ganglia cochlear division hair cells in saccule, utricle and ampullae vestibular ganglion vestibular division

  49. CN IX Major branches: tympanic carotid n. to stylopharyngeus pharyngeal lingual

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