1. Skull, Cranial Nerves, Arteries, Veins, and Meninges Outline 1. Skull -External -Internal 2. Cranial Nerves -CN 1-12 3. Meninges -Dura mater 4. Vasculature -Venous sinuses -Arteries 5. Ventricles

2. 1.Skull

3. Skull Fits and protects the brain Permits passage of cranial nerves and blood vessels

4. cranium facial skeleton

5. frontal nasal lacrimal sphenoid parietal zygomatic ethmoid temporal vomer maxilla mandible occipital

6. Fontanels and Sutures anterior fontanelle posterior fontanelle

7. coronal suture sagittal suture lambdoid suture

8. bregma lambda

9. Pterion parietal frontal pterion sphenoid temporal

10. Middle Meningial Artery Internal view

11. supraorbital foramen infraorbital foramen mental foramen Foramina of the Face

12. Stylomastoid Foramen stylomastoid foramen Foramen ovale, V3 mastoid foramen Condylar fossa

13. Ethmoid Anterior cranial fossa Cribriform plate, optic bulbs Sphenoid ridge Frontal Optic canal Sphenoid Superior orbital fissure, entrance To orbit, CN 3, 4, 6 (eye movement) V1 Middle cranial fossa Foramen rotundum, V2 Temporal Foramen ovale, V3 Foramen spinosum, meningeal nerve, of V3 Internal acoustic meatus, CN 7&8 Petrous ridge Jugular foramen, interna ljugular vein, CN 9, 10 ,11 Occipital Hypoglossal canal, CN 12 Posterior cranial fossa

14. 2.CranialNerves

15. Cranial Nerves

16. Spinal nerve fibers Efferent (motor) fibers Afferent (sensory) fibers Plate 118

17. Cranial Nerves General Topography • The skull is designed to fit the brain. • Permits passage of cranial nerves and blood vessels • The brain consists of several lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital), the brain stem and the cerebellum Cerebral peduncles Midbrain Pons Medulla Spinal cord

19. CN I olfactory bulb cribriform plate anterior cranial fossa (inferior view) (superior view)

20. CN I – special sensory (smell) olfactory bulb olfactory tract cribriform plate olfactory nerves (lateral wall)

21. CN II optic nerve optic canal middle cranial fossa (inferior view) (superior view)

22. CN II - route Optic canal Optic nerve Optic chiasm Cells in ganglion cell layer of retina

23. CN III oculomotor nerve middle cranial fossa superior orbital fissure (inferior view) (superior view)

24. CN III – somatic motor levator palpebrae superioris superior division superior rectus oculomotor nerve inferior division inferior rectus inferior oblique *(medial rectus not shown)

25. CN III – parasympathetic TARGETS ciliary ganglion ciliary body sphincter pupillae Parasympathetic root short ciliary nerves

26. sympathetics (NOT a part of CN III) long ciliary nerves ciliary ganglion TARGETS dilator pupillae internal carotid artery short ciliary nerves *(superior tarsal muscle not shown)

27. CN IV trochlear nerve middle cranial fossa superior orbital fissure (inferior view) (superior view)

28. CN IV – somatic motor superior oblique trochlear nerve

29. CN V V1 - superior orbital fissure trigeminal nerve middle cranial fossa V2 - foramen rotundum V3 - foramen ovale (inferior view) (superior view)

30. CN V – general sensory V1 - ophthalmic nerve trigeminal ganglion V2 – maxillary nerve V3 – mandibular nerve

31. CN V1 – general sensory brain

32. CN V1 supratrochlear nerve supraorbital nerve lacrimal nerve frontal nerve trigeminal ganglion

33. CN V1 long ciliary n. infratrochlear n. short ciliary n. anterior ethmoid n. ciliary ganglion nasociliary n. trigeminal ganglion

34. CN V2 – general sensory brain pterygopalatine fossa

35. CN V2 CN I CN V2 external nasal branch (CN V1) pterygopalatine ganglion greater palatine n. lateral nasal branches lesser palatine n. (lateral wall of nasal cavity)

36. CN V3 – general sensory infratemporal fossa

37. CN V3 – branchial motor (first arch) infratemporal fossa

38. CN V3 deep temporal nn. auriculotemporal n. buccal n. lingual n. mental n. nerve to the mylohyoid m. submandibular ganglion

39. CN VI abducens nerve middle cranial fossa superior orbital fissure (inferior view) (superior view)

40. CN VI – somatic motor lateral rectus m. abducens nerve

41. CN VII Major branches: greater petrosal n. to stapedius chorda tympani brs. to facial muscles

42. greater petrosal n. geniculate ganglion malleus cochlea internal acoustic meatus facial n. superior view

43. n. to stapedius chorda tympani n. lateral view

44. exits stylomastoid foramen

45. Greater petrosal n. zygomatic n.

46. N. to stapedius + terminal branches

47. Chorda tympani n. submandibular ganglion

48. Chorda tympani n. submandibular ganglion

49. CN VIII hair cells in cochlear duct spiral ganglia cochlear division hair cells in saccule, utricle and ampullae vestibular ganglion vestibular division

50. CN IX Major branches: tympanic carotid n. to stylopharyngeus pharyngeal lingual