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The Excretory System

The Excretory System . STRUCTURES. Kidneys – filter blood of wastes Ureter – tube leading to bladder Urinary bladder – smooth muscle bag that stores urine. Specifics…. KIDNEY Nephrons – filtering unit of kidney. Blood enters nephron carrying wastes.

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The Excretory System

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  1. The Excretory System

  2. STRUCTURES • Kidneys – filter blood of wastes • Ureter – tube leading to bladder • Urinary bladder – smooth muscle bag that stores urine

  3. Specifics… • KIDNEY • Nephrons – filtering unit of kidney. • Blood enters nephron carrying wastes. • Blood travels into the capillaries of the nephron called the glomerulus • In the nephron, under high pressure, water, glucose, vitamins, amino acids, protein wastes, salts, and ions from the blood pass out of the blood into a part of the nephron called the Bowman’s capsule.

  4. Glomerulus Bowman’s capsule Nephron Kidney

  5. Specifics… • Bowman’s capsule – part of nephron • As liquid passes into the capsule it passes through a narrow, U-shaped tubule that reabsorbs water, glucose, and amino acids. Water also diffused back into the blood capillaries.

  6. Formation of urine! • Urine – liquid that remains in the tubule: composed of excess water, waste molecules, and excess ions • YOU PRODUCE ABOUT 2L OF URINE PER DAY!!!

  7. Waste flows out of the kidneys, through the ureter into the urinary bladder, and out of the body through a tube called the urethra.

  8. Urinary System and Homeostasis • Major waste products – ammonia and urea • THESE ARE TOXIC TO THE BODY! • Kidneys control level of sodium in blood by removing and reabsorbing sodium. • Kidneys regulate pH of blood as well.

  9. Urine Regulation • Hypothalamus - small part of brain that controls many body processes • Produces hormone ADH (antidiuretic hormone) that stimulates reabsorption of water in a nephron.

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