1 / 19

Chapter 5

Chapter 5. Therapeutic Response to Stressed and Anxious Clients. Stress. A nonspecific response to a stressor Bad versus positive influence, result Intensity and duration Cumulative effect. Stressors and Stress. Stressors Internal perceptions or external events

zelda-rutledge
Télécharger la présentation

Chapter 5

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Chapter 5 Therapeutic Response to Stressed and Anxious Clients

  2. Stress • A nonspecific response to a stressor • Bad versus positive influence, result • Intensity and duration • Cumulative effect

  3. Stressors and Stress • Stressors • Internal perceptions or external events • Causes autonomic nervous system to respond • Differences among men, women, children; responses to stress, stressors

  4. Stress Theories: Bernard • Internal milieu in constant change • If too much change, death may result • Vulnerable person becomes ill • Aging-process client more susceptible to stress symptoms

  5. Stress Theories: Cannon • Body adjusts when change threatens • Seeks balance, homeostasis • Excitatory substances help body adapt, help with survival

  6. Stress Theories: Hans Selye • General Adaptation Syndromes (GAS) • Person inherits adaptive response • Individual responses vary • Once inherited adaptive responses deplete, body unable to produce more • Serious illness or death results

  7. Hans Selye’s Four Stages

  8. Therapeutic Response • Be honest with clients • Offer educational materials • Encourage emotional support • Be a teacher of medical information • Refer to community resources

  9. Types of Anxiety: Mild • Increases perceptions • Helps body to • Think more clearly, more alert • Make wise decisions, judgments • Professional offers details, instructions, choices

  10. Types of Anxiety: Moderate • Decreased perception • Focused on one challenge at a time • Decisions, judgments made when faced • Still alert, able to think clearly • Physiological changes • Professionals focus on one detail, explain what is happening, speak calmly

  11. Types of Anxiety: Severe • Inability to focus, indecisive • Inability to concentrate, make decisions • Physiological changes • Behavioral manifestations • Professionals give instructions to family, follow up

  12. Types of Anxiety: Panic • Focused on escape • Ineffective communication, incoherent speech • Physiological, behavioral changes • Professionals wait until client is safe to leave

  13. Life Cycle Stress: Infants • Totally dependent on others • Focused on eating, sleeping • Sleep becomes coping mechanism • Therapeutic response: • Educate how to meet infant physical needs • Seek community referrals

  14. Life Cycle Stress: Toddlers • Require consistency, praise • If stressed as infant exhibits now • Therapeutic response • Modeling for parents • Talk at toddler level • Be honest about procedures, pain

  15. Life Cycle Stress: School Age • Stressful transition home to school • May regress to earlier behaviors • Therapeutic response • Prepare child well in advance • Don’t compare siblings, other children • Speak at their level • Be honest

  16. Life Cycle Stress: Adolescents • Period of change; child yet adult • Social demands, peer pressure • Therapeutic response • Provide for modesty • Address how procedure affects activity or appearance

  17. Life Cycle Stress: Adults • Variety of stressors • Empty nest/sandwich syndromes • Therapeutic response • Encourage friends, colleagues to share • Answer questions, educational materials • Encourage to talk about feelings

  18. Life Cycle Stress: Elderly • Retirement, illness, death, loss versus gain • Therapeutic response • Use full name, title • Encourage to talk about accomplishments • Foster self-esteem, dignity, sense of worth

  19. Ways to Reduce Stress • How can or do clients reduce stress? • How do people differ in the ways to reduce stress? • How do professionals help clients reduce their stress?

More Related