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Survey of Organisms in Microbiology

Survey of Organisms in Microbiology. Kingdoms example of organisms included Monera bacteria Protista protists, protozoa Fungi molds, yeasts Animalia helminthes, arthropods Non-living agents Viruses vary by nucleic acid type, capsid and envelope

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Survey of Organisms in Microbiology

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  1. Survey of Organisms in Microbiology

  2. Kingdomsexample of organisms included Monera bacteria Protista protists, protozoa Fungi molds, yeasts Animalia helminthes, arthropods Non-living agents Viruses vary by nucleic acid type, capsid and envelope Prions vary by tertiary structure and AA sequence Taxonomy of infectious agents and parasites

  3. Bacteria GroupExample Genus Gram positive bacteria High GC Mycobacterium Low GC Bacillus Proteobacteria alpha Rickettsia beta Bordetella gamma Escerichia delta epsilon Helicobacter Spirochaetes Borrelia Other groups

  4. Protists

  5. Fungi Deuteromycota- fungi imperfecta Ascomycota- sac fungi Although many are multicellular, some fungi (yeasts) are unicellular

  6. Flat worms (Platyhelminthes) • Cestodes - tapeworms • Trematodes- flukes

  7. Tapeworms (Cestodes) Ingestion of feces Ingestion of meat

  8. Trematodes feces Ingestion of aquatic vegetation or penetration of larvae

  9. Nematodes (round worms) Some representatives of major groups Hookworms –penetration Pinworms-ingestion inhalation Whipworms and Trichinella-ingetsion of meat Ascaris worms- ingestion of feces Guinea worms- ingestion of water and vector Filarial worms-insect bite

  10. Arthropods Insects-flies, bugs, lice, fleas, roaches Arachnids-ticks and mites Crustaceans- barnacles,copepods Note: some of the above are vectors, some are parasites, some are both

  11. Diseases caused by arthropods

  12. Arthropods:Insects • Pediculosis- louse infestation with Pediculus humanis (body), P. capitis (head) or Pthirus pubis (crab louse) • chigoe Tunga penetrans

  13. Insects Siphonaptera-fleas Diptera-flies Nematocera Ceratopogonidae-no-see-ums, sand gnats Culicidae-mosquitoes Psychodidae-sand flies Simuliidae-blackflies Brachycera Tabanidae-horse and deer flies Cyclorrhapha Muscidae-houseflies Glossinidae-tetse flies Miscelaneous families-Botflies, blowflies, bottleflies Hemiptera-bugs Reduviidae-conenose (kissing) bugs Cimicidae-bed bugs Dictyoptera Blattidae-roaches Anoplura-sucking lice

  14. Myiasis Fly maggots can be facultative or obligate parasites, the resulting diseases are collectively called myiasis Squirrel bot fly: Cuterebra emasculator

  15. Artrhopods: Mites (including ticks) Arachnida Acari Ixodidae-hard ticks Argasidae-soft ticks Laelapidae-hematophagous mites Dermanyssidae-hematophagous mites Demodicidae-follicle mites Trombiculidae-chiggers Sarcoptidae-scabies mites Ticks

  16. Ticks • Ticks are important vectors • Some species also cause tick paralysis American dog tick Lone star tick Black legged tick (deer tick)

  17. Scabies mites • Sarcoptes scabiei

  18. Other Mites Follicle mites Demodex spp. Chiggers Eutrombiculaalfreddugesi

  19. Classified by nucleic acid type Divided into Orders (sometimes), Family, Genus, ad Species Ex. Rhabdoviridae, Lissavirus, Rabies Virus Viruses

  20. Viral nucleic acids dsDNA ssDNA dsRNA (+)RNA (-)RNA RNA viruses often carry RNA polymerase or reverse transcriptase

  21. Prions Infectious proteins Normally found on surface of mammalian cells Abnormal secondary and tertiary structures Resistant to heat and radiation Long ‘incubation’ period

  22. Prion “replication” Normal protein transformed from helices to beta pleated sheets

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