SYNONYMS Tr/Eng Words CONCEPTS Words/Idioms/Proverbs

1. SYNONYMSTr/Eng WordsCONCEPTSWords/Idioms/Proverbs

2. DOUBTv[kuşkulu olmak, kuşkulanmak]: I have reason to doubt your excuse for being late. DISBELIEVE [inanmamak, güvenmemek]: I have always disbelieved anything he tells me. DISTRUST [inanmamak, güvenmemek]: I distrust her claim that she won the race. QUERY [araştırmak]: You should qwuery her story about her rich parents.QUESTION [sorgulamak, kuşkulu olmak]: I question the truth of that story.TAKE WITH A GRAIN OF SALT[kuşkuyla karşılamak]: I take the things he says with a grain of salt. TR duraksamak, huylanmak, pirelenmek, şüphelenmek, tereddüt etmek

3. DREAMYadj[dalgın]: He had a dreamy look on his face as he thought about his holidays. ABSENT-MINDED[dalgın]: An absent-minded person puts on different coloured socks. He looked at the picture with an absent-mindned expression on his face. BEMUSED [uyuşuk]: While our teacher read the story my friend had a bemused look on his face. HALF-ASLEEP [yarı uykulu, dalgın]: Because you were half-asleep you missed the joke. INATTENTIVE [dikkatini vermeyen]: You were very inattentive when I gave out the instructions for the exam.PREOCCUPIED[dalıp gitmiş]: I was so preoccupied I didnt hear a word you said.TR dikkatsiz, gafil

4. FREEadj [özgür]: In a democracy, people are free to express their opinions. OPEN[açıksözlü]: He was quite open about trying to take my place in the play.SPONTANEOUS [içten, kendiliğinden]: Her spontaneous smile broke all the ice between us. UNCONVENTIONAL[geleneklere uymayan]: It used to be unconventional for young unmarried couples to go out alone, but this custom has now changed. UNINHIBITED [kurallara uymayan, özgürce yapılan]: Her uninhibited behaviour drew a lot of criticism from her relatives.WILD [çılgın, gürültülü]: The parents had to stop the wild party of the young people because the music was too loud. TR azade, azat, bağımsız, hür, başıboş, serbest FREEv[serbest bırakmak]: I want to free my caged parrot but it may not survive in the wild.DELIVER [kurtarmak]: The rescuers delivered me from certain death as my raft neared the waterfall.EMANCIPATE [özgürlüğüne kavuştUrmak]: The army liberated the enemy-occupied town. RELEASE [serbest bırakmak]: The convicted man was released when new evidence was brought forward.RESCUE [kurtarmak]: We told the police our plan to rescue our kidnapped friend. TR çıkarmak, çözmek, göndermek, koyuvermek, salıvermek, salmak

5. FRIGHTENv[korkutmak]: The barking dog frightened the baby. ALARM [ürkütmek]: The smell of smoke in the house alarmed me. PETRIFY[ödünü patlatmak]: The snarling dog petrified me.SCARE[ödünü koparmak]: The loud clap of thunder scared us all.TERRIFY[korkutmak]: The sound of someone trying to open the back door terrified me.TERRORISE [korkurtmak, yıldırmak]: The burglars terrorised the old lady so much that she gave them all her money. TR titretmek, sindirmek, ürkütmek, yıldırmak

6. HIDEv[gizlemek]: He knew he had to hide the disaster from his wife. CAMOUFLAGE [gizlemek]: He had left his radio on to camouflage his absence from the room. CONCEAL [saklamak]: She concealed the present at the top of the cupboard.COVER[kapamak, gizlemek]: She covered her face with her hands so we couldn’t see her tears.DISGUISE [kimliğini saklamak, gizlemek]: I disguised byself by wearing a wig. She tried to disguise her anger by smiling sweetly. MASK[gizlemek]: We laughed and joked our annoyance at her rude comment. TR saklamak, kamufle etmek, örtmek, maskelemek, örtbas etmek

7. INCREASEv[artmak]: The population of Australia increases every year. ACCUMULATE [birikmek, toplanmak]: Don’t let oo much junk accumulate on your desk. EXPAND [genişlemek]: The more he blew into the balloon, the more it expandned. GROW [büyümek, genişlemek]: The town began to grow when gold was discovered nearby. MOUNT [artmak]: Our costs are mounting evrey day. MULTIPY [çoğalmak]: Every time you put some money in the bank, your savings multiply. TR birikmek, bollanmak, çoğalmak, fazlalaşmak, üremek, yoğunlaşmak

8. INTENSEadj[şiddetli]: I couldn’t walk when I sprained my ankle because of the intense pain. PASSIONATE[coşkun, ateşli]: She had a passionate belief in her plan to encourage everybody to turn away from the ordinary cannibalistic diet. PROFOUND[derin anlamı olan]: We thought for a long time about the ministers’ profound words. SEVERE [katı, sert]: A hundred years ago punishments were severer; a man could be imprisoned for stealing bread. VIOLENT [sert, ateşli]: His violent temper scared us. VIVID [canlı, renkli]: She is always telling unbelievable stories based on her vivid imagination. TR güçlü, yoğun

9. KNOWv[bilmek]: People are confident they know a great many things, though they should realize how little they know. COMPREHEND[anlamak]: Explained in this way, the theory will be more difficult to comprehend.DISTINGUISH [düşüncede ayırmak]: Being politically motivated, he couldn’t distinguish terrorism both from vandalism and from crimes of violence.LEARN[öğrenmek]: I want to learn how to use a computer. RECOGNIZE [kabul etmek, benimsemek, tanımak]: Society has begun to recognize that economic progress involves not only changes in machinery but also in man. It has been years, so I don’t think I would be able to recognize him if we met. UNDERSTAND [anlamak]: It is understood from the letter that the European Union wants Turkey to solve the Cyprus problem by peaceful means. TR tanımak, sezmek, anlamak, öğrenmek

10. KNOWLEDGEn[bilgi]: People should have both theoretical and practical knowledge, and this can be acquired with some difficulty. COMPREHENSION [anlama gücü]: The way to solve the problem is really beyond my comprehension. EDUCATION [eğitim, öğretim]: Improvements in health care make investment in education more rewarding by extending life expectancy.ENLIGHTENMENT[bilgi, aydınlanma]: In our age of enlightenment, political mean should be implemented to resolve differences, and not torture, violence and terrorism. The Renaissance and Reform movements led to the Age of Enlightenment.INFORMATION [bilgi]: I need more information to analyze the nature of reactionary ideologies. LEARNING [bilgi, kültür]: Wisdom consists of learning and judgment. SCHOLARSHIP [titiz araştırmacılık]: He is an academic of intelligence and scholarship. TR açıklama, bilim, izahat, kültür

11. MIXTUREn[karışım]: We need a mixture of food in our diet to keep healthy.ASORTMENT[çeşit]: We have a wide assortment of candies you can choose from. HOTCHPOTCH, HODGEPODGE [karmakarışık şey]: Her bookshelves were a hotchpotch of books, magazines and photo albums. The critics says the writer’s last book is a hotchpotch of his previous short stories.JUMBLE [karmakarışık]: Her clothes were in a jumble eon tkhe floor. When the pqolice got in the flat, they found a jumble of clothes and books everywhere.MEDLEY[ayrı şeylerden oluşan topluluk]: The band played a medley of jazzmusic. This singer sings a medley of folk and pop songs.MISCELLANY [karışım, farklı şeylerin birleşimi]: School magazines are a miscellany of stories and poems of interest to children. The last part of the book is a miscellany of useful grammatical information. TR alaşım, bilişim, koalisyon, sentez

12. NARROWadj[dar]: The roads in this city are very narrow, because they were built when cars were not so coımmon in the country.CLOSE [sıkı]: For this costume, a material wit a close texture must be used.CONFINED [dar ve sınırlı mekan, ortam]: The boarding students have to study in a confined area until the new building is built.CRAMPED [dar, sıkışık]: The area where the poor live is very cramped; there are hundreds of tiny houses in a very small area.SMALL[küçük]: The classrooms in this building are too small to hold fifty stureds at a time.TIGHT [sıkı, sıkışık, gergin]: I could not open the old trunk in the basement because the cover was very tight. TR az, kısıtlı, kıt, yetersiz

13. PERMANENTadj[sürekli]: Permanent snow can be seen on the top of the highest mountains. ETERNAL[sonsuz]: We are tired and sick of your eternal complaints. He believes in eternal life (life after death). EVERLASTING [ölümsüz, sonu gelmez]: I have not been able to stop her everlasting complaints about my lack of interest.IMMORTAL [ölümsüz]: The immortal works of Mevlana will be read and loved by every generation to come (if the language difficulty could be won, of course). PERENNIAL [bütün yıl devam eden, uzun süren, sürekli]: Jill is a perennial trouble-maker and is always being punished.PERPETUAL [sürekli, aralıksız]: I don’t think we’ll ever have rain to break this perpetual dought. TR devamlı, durmaksızın, ebedi, kesintisiz

14. PERMITv [izin vermek]: Dogs are not permitted in the shopping centre. ADMIT[izin vermek]: This lant does not admit of any significant improvemet.ALLOW[izin vermek]: Our boss does not allow us to smoke in the office.LET[izin vermek]: Don’t let children play with matches. TOLERATE[hoşgörmek]: I will not tolerate such rude behaviour.YIELD[izin vermek]: You must yield to traffic from the left. TR bırakmak

15. PREFERv[tercih etmek, yeğlemek]: I prefer caramel topping to chocolate on my ice-cream. ELECT[seçmek]: I elected art as my extra subject at school. Our candidate was unfortunately not elected. FAVOUR[tercih etmek, yeğlemek, tutmak, beğenmek]: Typesetters in the publishing industry favour Macintoshes because they are more user-friendly.OPT FOR [seçmek, yeğlemek]: I opt for the train becaıuse it is safer than other means of transportation.SINGLE OUT[seçmek]: They singled her out for a special award because of the extrnaordinary performance. TR seçmek, gözüne kestirmek, ehven bulmak

16. PURIFYv[temizlemek, arıtmak]: The food will have to be purified of all bacteria before it can be eaten.CLEAN [temizlemek]: A cat cleans itself by licking all its body. CLEANSE [tertemiz yapmak]: The doctor carefully cleansed the wound before sticking it. CLEAR [temizlemek]: Clear all your papers off my desk. PURGE[arıtmak]: Oil can only be sued after it has been refinde. WASH [yıkamak]: He washed his hands with soap and water before he started the operation. TR saflaştırmak, aklamak, arılamak, dezenfekte etmek

17. SEARCHv[araştırmak, aramak]: I searched for a four-leafed clover all summer, but I couldn’t find one.EXAMINE[gözden geçirmek, incelemek]: They examined the window frame for the fingerprints of the thief.HUNT[aramak]: She hunted for her glasses but could not find them.INVESTIGATE[araştırmak]: Many researchers have investigated the causes of cancer.LOOK FOR[aramak]: The detective looked for some clues to solve the mystery. Computer firms are seeking ways to cramming more bits of information onto tiny silicon chips. PROBE[araştırmak, incelemek]: He probed the mud with his finger, looking for the coin he had dropped. The oficial enqiery will probe into corruption within the state-owned company.QUERY[araştırma yapmak]: The detective said he would query for more clues.RANSACK[altını üstüne getirerek bir şey aramak]: When she was unable to find her diamond ring, she ransacked the entire house looking for it. SEEK[aramak]: The young man set out for London to seek his fortune. Those who seek gold have already found it.TR denetlemek, irdelemek, incelemek

18. SECRETadj[gizli]: This is a secret plan to spy on the enemy activities.CLASSIFIED [gizli]: Lock the classified files away where no one else can read them. COVERT[gizli, ima edilen]: He coıuld understand the covert threat in the letter. CONFIDENTIAL[gizli, özel]: Don’t let anyone else read this confidential letter. HUSH-HUSH[gizli]: Their meeting was so hush-hush they won’t even tell us what it was about.PRIVATE[özel]: I won’t let anyone read my private diary. TR kapalı, maskeli, zımni

19. SECRETIVEadj[ketum, sır saklayan]: She is very secretive about what she did in the holidays. CAGEY[kurnaz]: She was very cagey when the detective asked her whether she was there yesterday afternoon.FURTIVE[gizli]: She gave us a quick, furtive look and then disappeared through the hole in the fence.RETICENT [ketum, sinsi, kapalı]: A lot of people dont like her because she is so reticent about her private life.STEALTHY [sinsice, gizlice yapılan]: The police became suspicious although the man tried to be stealthy in his movements. SURREPTITIOUS [gizli]: He didn’t notice the surreptitious glance we gave him as we walked past.UNDERHAND[gizli kapaklı]: They met in the middle of the night to carry out their underhand dealings in stolen goods. TR dilsiz, ağzı pek, suskun

20. SEEv[görmek]: I see the cows coming across the paddock. NOTICE [görmek, ayrımına varmak, dikkatini çekmek]: I haven’t noticed this shape in one corner of the painting. I noticed immediately the excited look in her face. I noticed she was wearing a new dress. OBSERVE [izlemek, görmek]: Douglas observed the hooded men go into the bank and immediately rang up the police.PERCEIVE[sezmek, algılamak]: It is difficult to perceive any difference between the original and copy. It took me some time to perceive what she meant.VIEW [görmek, izlemek]: We went to the Art Gallery to view the collection of Constable paintings.WATCH[izlemek, gözlemek]: Two detectives watched what was going on in front of the bank.WITNESS[tanık olmak]:We witnessed the breaking of the European High Jump record. TR algılamak, sezinlemek, seçmek, müşahede etmek

21. SENSIBLEadj [aklı başında, düşünceli]: The sensible boy made sure the cars had stopped before he stepped onto the crossing.CONSCIOUS[farkında olan]: We are conscious of the dire coınsequences of drug abuse. He is very health conscious, so he is very careful about what he eats.LEVEL-HEADED[sağduyulu]: The level-headed girl quickly got the class out of the room where the fire started.PRUDENT [sağduyulu, aklı başında]: Prudent people always lock up their houses when they go out.RATIONAL [mantıklı düşünen]: Man is a rational animal; other animals have little power of reason.REASONABLE [sağduyulu]: Reasonable people don’t leave their keys in their cars. SAGE[bilge]: The sage old lady advised the young couple to forgive each other after their quarrel.SOBER[ayık, ciddi]: On more sober reflection, I gave up the idea of treasure hunting in the desert.WISE [zeki]: He made a wise decision not to take any notice of all that negative criticism of his work. Wise people are more careful about how they spend their time.TR makul, mantıklı

22. SEVEREadj[sert, hoşgörüsüz, ciddi]: Don’t be too severe on the children. The poor weather conditions led to severe food shortages. ACUTE [şiddetli]: An acute shortage of water made our life exremely difficult.DRASTIC[keskin]: It is high time the government took drastic measures to improve the lives of low-income groups. EXTREME [aşırı, büyük]: She was in extreme pain and cried.HARSH[sert, katı]: The new managemet is for harsh punishment of loafing orkers.RELENTLESS[amansız, acımasız]: The relentless fury of the waves terrified the passengers on board. TR ters, şiddetli, dayanıklı, katı

23. SHAKEv[sallanmak, sallamak]: The branches of the trees shook as the wind blew. QUAKE[sallanmak, sallamak, titremek]: Louise quaked with fear when she saw the robbers come to the bank.ROCK[sallanmak, sallamak]: The boat was rocking on the waves. SHUDDER[ürpermek]: Kate shuddered when she saw theat the cars couldn’t avoid a collision.TREMBLE[titremek]: Trevor’s hands trembled as he tried to take off his snow covrede boots.VIBRATE[titremek]: The hummingbird’s wings vibrated as it drank the fmower’s nectar. TR kımıldamak, titremek

24. SHINEv[parlamak]: The sun shone all day. BEAM[parlamak]: The searchlight beamed over the ocean but found nothing.BLAZE [parlamak, kamaştırmak]: The headlights of the car blazed into my eyes, and I couldn’t see anything.BURN [yanmak]: The lighnts in the house burned all night; they must have had a party.FLARE [birden alevlenmek ya da parlamak]: All was dark, and then suddenly the lights flared. GLOW [parlamak]: This forest is full of insects that glow in the dark. TR alevlenmek, harlamak

25. SHORTENv[kısaltmak]: Can’t you shorten the long discussion at the beginning of your thesis.ABBREVIATE [kısaltmak]: We abbreviated several words to save space. His name is often abbreviated to Hüso. ABRIDGE [kısaltmak]: Sometimes a writer abridges a famous novel to make it easier for children to read.CONDENSE [kısaltmak]: The editor condensed his history into one page, which did not please the writer.CURTAIL [azaltmak]: The government must curtail its expenses because it can no longer impose nex taxes. SUM UP [özetlemek]: I will sum up all that has been said so that everyone understands our plan. SUMMARIZE [özetlemek]: The director summarized the school rules for the new pupils. TR özetlemek, kısa yapmak

26. SILLYadj [aptal]: He gave a silly answer to the questions of the journalists. ABSURD [saçma]: It is absurd to eat all the junk food. FATUOUS [ahmakça]: He made a fatuous remark about inflation. FOOLISH [aptalca]: That joke of yours was a silly thing to do. IDIOTIC[aptalca]: I won’t listen to any more of your idiotic ideas. INANE [boş, anlamsız]: I’m sick of your inane chatter.PREPOSTEROUS [saçma]: The excuse he gave for his lateness was so preposterous that everyone laughed.SENSELESS [aptalca, mantıksız]: The plan she suggested was senseless. TR salak, aptal, akılsız, alık

27. SIMPLIFYv[basitleştirmek]: I will simplify the instructions for this test. DISENTANGLE [çözmek]: I think I’ve disentangled the mystery by talking to each person involved. SORT OUT []: We’ll soon sort out your problems. STREAMLINE [tasarlamak]: We will get the work done more quickly if we streamline the way we do it. UNRAVEL [çözmek]: I eventually unravelled his explanation and understood what he was saying. TR kolaylaştırmak, sadeleştirmek

28. SKILLFULadj[becerikli]: She is a skillful pianist. ADEPT [usta, becerikli]: She is adept at growing roses. ADROIT [usta, becerikli]: The boycott against the next regulations at school was avoided due to Mr. Cliff’s adroit handling of the situation.APT [usta]: He is an apt speaker. CAPABLE [becerikli]: My friend is a very capable doctor.DEFT [ustaca yapılan, becerikli]: The deft performance of showgirls charmed the audience. DEXTEROUS [eliçabuk]: The magician was very dexterous.EFFICIENT [usta, çalışkan]: She is an efficient worker. PROFICIENT[usta]: She is proficient in using all the software that we have. TR kabiliyetli, işgüzar, açıkgöz