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CUAHSI WaterOneFlow Web Services

CUAHSI WaterOneFlow Web Services. By Tim Whiteaker CE 394K.2 Hydrology 1 February 2007. Outline. What are Web Services What is WaterOneFlow What is WaterML How do we use HIS Analyst to access WaterOneFlow. 16. 4. Math library. Program. Programs Use Functions.

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CUAHSI WaterOneFlow Web Services

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  1. CUAHSI WaterOneFlowWeb Services By Tim Whiteaker CE 394K.2 Hydrology 1 February 2007

  2. Outline • What are Web Services • What is WaterOneFlow • What is WaterML • How do we use HIS Analyst to access WaterOneFlow

  3. 16 4 Math library Program Programs Use Functions • Functions are pieces of code that perform a specific task What’s the square root of 16? result = Math.SquareRoot(16) Functions: Add Multiply SquareRoot

  4. Functions: What’s the square root of 16 Add Multiply SquareRoot The answer is 4 Math library Service Program Web Services Let Computers Share Functions • Localprograms take advantage of remote resources • Works just like local function result = Service.SquareRoot(16) Client

  5. How Do Web Services Work • SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is a protocol for exchanging messages over a network • WSDL (Web Services Description Language) is a language for describing what a web service can do

  6. How Do Web Services Work Server SOAP WSDL (This is what I can do) Client SOAP is like speaking the same languageWSDL is like a contract

  7. CUAHSI Web Services (WaterOneFLow) • Standard mechanism for flow of hydrologic data between hydrologic data servers (databases) and users. • Provides data access to • USGS NWIS • EPA STORET • NCEP North American Model (NAM) • NASA MODIS • Daymet • NWS ASOS http://water.sdsc.edu/waterOneFlow/

  8. Water Data Web Sites

  9. NWISWeb site output # agency_cd Agency Code # site_no USGS station number # dv_dt date of daily mean streamflow # dv_va daily mean streamflow value, in cubic-feet per-second # dv_cd daily mean streamflow value qualification code # # Sites in this file include: # USGS 02087500 NEUSE RIVER NEAR CLAYTON, NC # agency_cd site_no dv_dt dv_va dv_cd USGS 02087500 2003-09-01 1190 USGS 02087500 2003-09-02 649 USGS 02087500 2003-09-03 525 USGS 02087500 2003-09-04 486 USGS 02087500 2003-09-05 733 USGS 02087500 2003-09-06 585 USGS 02087500 2003-09-07 485 USGS 02087500 2003-09-08 463 USGS 02087500 2003-09-09 673 USGS 02087500 2003-09-10 517 USGS 02087500 2003-09-11 454 Time series of streamflow at a gaging station

  10. Observation Stations Map for the US Ameriflux Towers (NASA & DOE) NOAA Automated Surface Observing System USGS National Water Information System NOAA Climate Reference Network

  11. Consistent Query Format Consistent Data Format WaterOneFlow

  12. WaterOneFlow Methods • (Almost) the same for all networks • Methods • GetSiteInfo – Give me info about a site • GetVariableInfo – Give me info about a variable • GetValues – Give me a time series for a variable at a site

  13. Input Network name and site code Authorization token Output Site name Site location Variables measured at the site Variable code Period of record GetSiteInfo where response = service.GetSiteInfo("NWIS:08158000", "")

  14. Input Network name and variable code Authorization token Output Variable name Variable description Variable units what GetVariableInfo response = service.GetVariableInfo("NWIS:00060", "")

  15. Input Network name and location (e.g., site code) Network name and variable code Start datetime End datetime Authorization token Output Site info Variable info Time series what GetValues where response = service.GetValues("NWIS:08158000", "NWIS:00060", _ "2006-12-31T01:00:00", "2006-12-31T08:00:00", "") when

  16. The “Where” in GetValues • Works for sites, or geographic locations • NetworkName:SiteCode • NWIS:08158000 • GEOM:POINT(LongitudeLatitude) • GEOM:POINT(-113 35) • GEOM:BOX(WLon SLat,ELon NLat) • GEOM:BOX(-108 45,-107 46)

  17. Locations Variable Codes Date Ranges Extract – Transform – Load STORET Data GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues Data NAM NWIS WaterML Data WaterOneFlow Web Service Data Repositories Client EXTRACT TRANSFORM LOAD

  18. WaterML – The Output of WaterOneFlow • Standardized for all data sources • Formats • Object • XML (for programs that can’t handle objects) • Defined in XML

  19. XML – A Primer • The Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a W3C-recommended general-purpose markup language that supports a wide variety of applications. – Wikipedia • XML represents data • XML is both human and machine readable <site> <name>Mansfield Dam</name> </site>

  20. element start tag end tag XML Structure • Example – Let’s describe a streamflow site element name = “site” <site></site> OR <site> </site> OR <site />

  21. child element element element text Elements can have Children <site> <name>Mansfield Dam</name> </site>

  22. Elements can have Attributes <site> <name>Mansfield Dam</name> <siteCodenetwork=“NWIS”>08154510</siteCode> </site> attribute name attribute value

  23. XML Nesting <site> <name>Mansfield Dam</name> <siteCodenetwork=“NWIS”>08154510</siteCode> <location> <latitude>30.39</latitude> <longitude>97.91</longitude> </location> </site>

  24. WaterML • XML for describing water data • Defined at • WaterOneFlow returns data in WaterML format http://water.sdsc.edu/waterOneFlow/documentation/schema/

  25. USGS Data Source WaterML Response Streamflow gages Network SiteInfoResponseType Neuse River near Clayton, NC Sites VariablesResponseType Discharge, stage (Daily or instantaneous) Variables TimeSeriesResponseType Values 206 cfs, 13 August 2006 {Value, Time, Qualifier} • A data source operates an observation network • A network is a set of observation sites • A site is a point location where one or more variables are measured • A variable is a property describing the flow or quality of water • A value is an observation of a variable at a particular time • A qualifier is a symbol that provides additional information about the value Point Observations Information Model http://www.cuahsi.org/his/webservices.html

  26. Response Types SiteInfo Variables TimeSeries Key Elements site sourceInfo seriesCatalog variable timeSeries values queryInfo WaterML Key Elements GetSiteInfo GetVariableInfo GetValues

  27. SiteInfoResponseType • Namespaces • queryInfo • site Network Sites Variables

  28. queryInfo • Parameters sent to service • URLs called (if external resource)

  29. userparameters query URL queryInfo – Another Example

  30. site • siteInfo – info about the site • seriesCatalog – catalogs of variables measured

  31. siteInfo • Name • Site Code • Location

  32. geoLocation • geogLocation – geographic coordinates • LatLon point • LatLon box • localSiteXY – projected coorindates European Petroleum Survey Groupi.e., NAD 83, etc.

  33. name web service location series (variables) original data source seriesCatalog

  34. series • variable – what is measured • valueCount – how many measurements • variableTimeInterval – when is it measured

  35. variable • variableCode – global identifier • variableName • units Sites Variables Values

  36. variableTimeInterval • TimeIntervalType – date range • TimeSingleType – single measurement • TimePeriodRealTimeType – last n days

  37. ISO Time • International Organization for Standardization • 1998-03-01T14:30:00 = March 1, 1998, at 2:30 in the afternoon

  38. queryInfo name code location site seriesCatalog what how many variables when SiteInfo Response, Recap

  39. VariablesResponseType • variable – same as in series element • Code, name, units Sites Variables Values

  40. Additional variable Children • variableDescription • valueType (enumeration) • Field Observation • Sample • Model Simulation Result • Derived Value • generalCategory – e.g., “water quality” • sampleMedium – e.g., “water column” -- Many are optional

  41. TimeSeriesResponseType • queryInfo • timeSeries • sourceInfo – “where” • variable – “what” • values Sites Variables Values

  42. sourceInfo • SiteInfoType • Same as siteInfo element • code, name, location • DataSetInfoType • For data continuous in space • LatLonPointType • LatLonBoxType

  43. variable • Same as previous variable element • code, name, units, etc.

  44. values • Each time series value recorded in value element • Timestamp, plus metadata for the value, recorded in element’s attributes qualifier ISO Time value

  45. value Metadata Examples • qualifiers • censorCode (lt, gt, nc) • qualityControlLevel (Raw, QC’d, etc.) • methodID • offset • offsetValue • offsetUnitsAbbreviation • offsetDescription • offsetUnitsCode

  46. TimeSeries Response, Recap queryInfo location variable values

  47. Conclusions about WaterML • Consistent Format • Includes lots of information • How do I use it? HIS Analyst

  48. HIS Analyst • Desktop apps that use WaterOneFlow • Examples for various application environments • HydroObjects – for apps that aren’t web service enabled • Workbook available at: http://www.cuahsi.org/his/docs/HIS-workbook-20061130.pdf

  49. HIS Workbook • Ingesting NWIS Data into Excel • Ingesting STORET Data into Excel • Ingesting Weather and Streamflow Data into ArcGIS • Plotting MODIS Data with Matlab • Ingesting NWIS Data using VB.Net • Ingesting NWIS Data Using Java

  50. Excel Demo

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