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PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES

PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES. TREATMENT. PSYCHOTHERAPY. COME TO UNDERSTAND UNDERLYING CAUSES MAKE UNCONSCIOUS CONSCIOUS OVERCOME RESISTANCE OF PATIENT. THERAPY (CONT.). SUSPENSION OF NORMS FREE ASSOCIATION DREAM ANALYSIS TRANSFERENCE . THERAPY (CONT.).

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PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES

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  1. PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES

  2. TREATMENT

  3. PSYCHOTHERAPY • COME TO UNDERSTAND UNDERLYING CAUSES • MAKE UNCONSCIOUS CONSCIOUS • OVERCOME RESISTANCE OF PATIENT

  4. THERAPY (CONT.) • SUSPENSION OF NORMS • FREE ASSOCIATION • DREAM ANALYSIS • TRANSFERENCE

  5. THERAPY (CONT.) • PERSONAL QUALITIES OF THERAPIST VERY IMPORTANT • VERY LONG AND INTENSIVE • CATHARSIS

  6. STRENGTHS OF THEORY • DEVELOPMENTAL ASPECT • PEOPLE ARE OFTEN IRRATIONAL • IMPACT ON CHILD REARING AND SEXUALITY • IMPACT ON ART AND LITERATURE

  7. WEAKNESSES • UNSCIENTIFIC - UNOBSERVABLE AND UNFALSIFIABLE • OVEREMPHASIZES EARLY CHILDHOOD, UNDEREMPHASIZES ADAPTABILITY • RESISTANCE TO MEDICATIONS • HISTORICALLY AND CULTURALLY SPECIFIC

  8. WEAKNESSES OF THERAPY • LITTLE EVIDENCE OF SUCCESS • IMPRACTICAL - EXPENSIVE, LONG • CULTURALLY-SPECIFIC • DOESN’T WORK WITH MOST SERIOUSLY ILL

  9. DECLINE OF DYNAMIC THEORY – 1970’S TO PRESENT • CONFLICT WITH SCIENTIFIC AND MEDICAL NORMS • CONFLICT WITH INSURANCE NEEDS TO MEASURE DISEASES AND CURES • RISE OF MANAGED CARE • CONFLICT WITH RISE OF DRUGS • COULDN’T TREAT SERIOUSLY ILL

  10. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY • NO SINGLE THEORY BUT ECLECTIC

  11. COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL • EMPHASIS ON THOUGHTS • EMPHASIS ON CURRENT PERCEPTIONS • CHANGE WAYS PERSONS THINKS ABOUT SELF AND WORLD • SPECIFIC, DIRECTIVE, AND SHORT THERAPIES • CAN BE STANDARDIZED

  12. COGNITIVE • MOST USED IN CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY • EFFECTIVE, AT LEAST IN SHORT RUN • CHEAPER AND MORE EFFICIENT THAN DYNAMIC • LESS DEPENDENT ON PERSONAL QUALITIES OF THERAPIST • WEAKNESS IS WHEN ACTUAL CONDITIONS CAUSE PROBLEMS

  13. FAMILY SYSTEMS THEORY • VIEW SYMPTOMS IN RELATIONSHIP TO FAMILY SYSTEM • SYMPTOMS TO MAINTAIN FAMILY EQUILIBRIUM • MUST CHANGE FAMILY DYNAMICS, NOT JUST INDIVIDUAL PATIENT • TREAT FAMILY, NOT INDIVIDUAL

  14. HUMANISTIC • FOCUS ON TOTAL EXPERIENCES OF INDIVIDUAL - BROAD HUMAN PROBLEMS • MEANING, DEATH, FULFILLMENT • OVERLY GENERAL AND DIFFUSE • NOT REIMBURSED – NO SPECIFIC ILLNESS • NOT WIDELY USED

  15. SUMMARY • MANY DIFFERENT PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORIES • MOST FOCUS ON INDIVIDUAL PERSONALITY • CHANGE EFFORTS FOCUS ON CHANGING PERSONALITY • NOW LARGELY REPLACED BY BIOLOGICAL

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