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Attracting Wildlife

Food Fruit Bearing Nectar Plants Larval Plants Cover Water Puddling Station Birdbaths Managing For Wildlife Weeds Nuisance Animals More Information Attracting Wildlife Author: Rebecca McNair All Animals Need: Food Cover Water Space

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Attracting Wildlife

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  1. Food Fruit Bearing Nectar Plants Larval Plants Cover Water Puddling Station Birdbaths Managing For Wildlife Weeds Nuisance Animals More Information Attracting Wildlife Author: Rebecca McNair

  2. All Animals Need: • Food • Cover • Water • Space • Animals will only reside or forage in an area that contains enough of these four essential elements to maintain daily activities. Habitat

  3. Food • Fruit • Seeds • Insects • Nectar • Larval • Meat • Remember to provide food year-round, especially in winter. Attract a variety of birds, reptiles, bats, butterflies and other insects

  4. Fruit Bearing Plantsfor North Florida Tupelo Nyssa ogeche Wild grapeVitis sp. Beautyberry Calicarpa americana

  5. MulberryMorus rubra (USDA Zone 5-9) • Large native tree ~ 40 ft • Full sun • Throughout Florida • Edible fruit in spring • Brittle bark, messy

  6. (USDA Zone 8-10) Chickasaw PlumPrunus angustifolia • Native tree ~10 ft • Full to partial sun • Blooms early spring • Edible fruit • Suckers tend to form thickets

  7. Holly Ilex spp. (USDA Zone 6-9) • Native shrubs and trees • Sun to partial shade • Range varies • Fruit remains through winter, attracting birds • Salt, drought and shade tolerant • Suckers Gallberry Ilex glabra Dahoon HollyIlex cassine

  8. Virginia WillowItea virginica(USDA Zone 6-10A) • Native shrub ~ 7 ft • Full to partial sun • Blooms spring • Drought and flood tolerant • Suckers tend to form thickets

  9. Fruit Bearing Plantsfor South Florida Photo by Joe Schaefer Bluestem Palm Sabal minor Southern Red Cedar Juniperus silicicola Sea Grape Coccoloba uvifera McCabe Bryan

  10. ElderberrySambucus canadensis(USDA Zone 3-7) • Native shrub ~15 ft • Full to partial sun • Throughout Florida • Fragrant flowers year-round • Edible fruit

  11. Florida PrivetForestiera segregata(USDA Zone 9-11) • Native shrub ~10 ft • Full to partial sun • Throughout Florida • Fast grower • Drought and salt tolerant • Dense cover and fruits attract birds

  12. Wild CoffeePsychotria nervosa(USDA Zone 11) • Native shrub ~8 ft • Partial to full shade tolerant • Blooms spring- summer • Attracts butterflies and birds

  13. Nectar Plantsfor North Florida Cardinal flowerLobelia cardinalis ConeflowerEchinacea purpurea Buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis

  14. Golden Dew DropDuranta repens(USDA Zone 8-11) • Shrub ~ 14 feet • Full to partial sun • Blooms year- round • Throughout Florida • High drought tolerance • Attracts butterflies

  15. Porterweed Stachytarpheta jamaicensis(USDA Zone 8-11) • Native and non-native perennial ~ 4 ft • Full to partial sun • Blooms year-round • Medium salt and drought tolerance Red variety is non-native

  16. Coral HoneysuckleLonicera sempervirens(USDA Zone 6-9A) • Native vine • Full to partial sun • Blooms spring- fall • Throughout Florida • Attract butterflies and hummingbirds

  17. Mexican Flame VineSenecio confusis Nectar Plantsfor South Florida Firebush Hamelia patens Yellow Shrimp PlantPachystachys lutea Red Shrimp Justicia spicigera

  18. Necklace PodSophora tomentosa(USDA Zone 10B-11) • Native shrub ~ 8 ft • Full sun • Blooms year-round • High salt and drought tolerance • Attracts humming-birds and butterflies • Poisonous to humans

  19. Jatropha Jatropha integerrima(USDA Zone 10B-11) • Shrub ~ 8 feet • Full sun • Blooms year- round • Drought tolerance • Fruit is poisonous to humans

  20. Larval Plantsfor North Florida Willow, Salix caroliniana is a larval host of the Viceroy. Matchweed, Phyla nodiflora is the larval host of the Buckeye.

  21. Joe Schaefer Red BayPersia borbonia(USDA Zone 7-10B) • Native tree ~ 40 ft • Full to partial sun • Throughout Florida • Drought and salt tolerant • Blooms in spring attract butterflies • Purple fruit attract birds Bays are larval food for the spicebush swallowtail.

  22. Milkweed Asclepias spp.(USDA Zone 8-10A) • Shrub ~ 4 ft • Natives available • Full to partial sun • Blooms year-round • Throughout Florida • Drought tolerant • Nectar attracts hummingbirds and butterflies Larval host of Monarch and Queen

  23. Passion flower Passiflora spp. (USDA Zone 6-11) • Vine • Native varieties available • Full to partial sun • Blooms year-round • Throughout Florida Larval host of Gulf Fritillary

  24. Coontie Zamia pumila(USDA Zone 9-11) • Native shrub ~ 3 ft • Full-partial sun • Salt and drought tolerant • Throughout Florida • Insignificant bloom Larval host of Atala butterfly, found only in southeast Florida.

  25. Wild TamarindLysiloma latisiliquum larval host of Cloudless Sulphurs Larval Plantsfor South Florida Green Shrimp Blechum brownei Larval host of the Malachites

  26. Wild LimeZanthozylum fagara(USDA Zone 11) • Native tree ~25 ft • Full to partial sun • Blooms year-round • Salt and drought tolerant Larval host of Giant Swallowtail

  27. Dutchman’s PipeAristolochia spp.(USDA Zone 8-11) • Vine • Full to partial sun • Blooms summer-fall • Medium drought tolerance Larval host of Pipevine swallowtail

  28. Chapman’s Senna Senna mexicana var. chapmanii Senna(syn. Cassia)Senna spp. (USDA Zone 10-11) • Native and non-native shrubs ~ 6-10 ft • Full to partial sun • Blooms fall- spring • Fast growing, short-lived Larval host of Sulphurs (non-native)Desert Cassia Senna polyphylla

  29. Cover • Vertical layers • Evergreen species for winter cover • Standing dead trees, or “snags” • Brush pile

  30. Water • Permanent water feature • Sound of running water attracts many animals Puddling-Butterflies obtain water and minerals from liquid in pore spaces. Puddling station Sandra Granson

  31. Design a Puddling Station • Layer sand in saucer • Add layer of compost • Place pebbles on top • Add water slowly (to pebble layer) • Place saucer on upside down pot

  32. Birdbath • Shallow with mildly sloping sides • Rough surface • Keep clean • Rinse off any soap residue Audubon Society recommends changing the water and cleaning bird baths weekly to avoid spreading avian diseases.

  33. Managing for Wildlife • Vertical layers of vegetation • Plant natives • No pesticides! • Stop mowing- Weeds add wildlife value to your yard! Long-tailed skipper feeding on Spanish needle. Bidens alba

  34. Coreopsis Coreopsis spp. Wild Wonderful Weeds Horsemint Monarda punctata Pokeweed Phytolacca americana Blanket flowerGaillardia pulchella

  35. Tolerance of Nuisance Animals Herbivores (deer, rabbits, ducks) • Contribute to food web, circle of life • Nets and fencing may protect fruits • Harassment or nest removal for non-natives Diggers(moles, gophers, squirrels, armadillos, tortoises) • Bring nutrient to surface • Loosen & aerate soil • Feed on turf and landscape pests • Trapping and deterrents Armadillo Pocket Gopher Marsh rabbit

  36. More Wild Information • Florida Cooperative Extension Service - Wildlife Program www.wec.ufl.edu/extension • Print on demand • Links and information • Educational programs • Florida Wildlife Habitat Program • Local Audubon Society

  37. Further ReadingHttp://edis.ifas.ufl.edu WEC-20 Dealing with Unwanted Wildlife in an Urban Environment SS-WEC-70 Threats to Florida's Biodiversity WEC-72 Saving Endangered Species: How You Can Help WEC-44 Water for Wildlife SS-WIS-09 Native Plants that Attract Wildlife: Central Florida SS-WIS-22 Butterfly Gardening in Florida SS-WIS-21 Hummingbirds of Florida

  38. Thanks for your attention! The following presentation was made possible through a grant from FL DEP and EPA. Special thanks to the following reviewers for their valued contributions: FL114 ELM Design Team and the FYN Subcommittee Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, UF Agriculture Education and Communication Department Environmental Horticulture Department Entomology and Nematology Department Soil and Water Sciences Department Florida Cooperative Extension Service in: Alachua, Broward, Clay, Hillsborough, Lake, Miami-Dade, Orange, Pinellas Sarasota, and Volusia Counties Florida Organics Recycling Center for Excellence The Center For Wetlands, UF United States Department of Agriculture Division of Plant Industry

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