1. Fine PM Source Test Method Ron Myers/Tom Logan Emissions Measurement Center

2. Project Goals • Quantify Course & Fine PM • Use Dilution Sampling to Mimic Atmospheric Physics • Operationally Simple • Minimal Sample Location Limitations • Minimize Pseudo Particulate Formation • Speciation of Particulate

3. Description • In Stack Particle Sizing • Large Cyclone Separates PM >10mM • Smaller Cyclone Separates PM >2.5mM • Air Dilution Condenses Vaporous PM • Air is Filtered & Dehumidified • Sample is Diluted up to 40 to 1 • PM2.5 is collected on multiple filters

4. Competing Methodologies • State Test Methods • More Than Four Variants • Similar to Method 202 • U.S. EPA Test Methods • Preliminary Method 004 (M201A +2.5) • Method 202 • Research Methods • More Than Six Variants • All Based on Dilution Sampling

5. EPA Reference Methods • EPA Pre Method 4 & Method 202 • Strengths • Compact • Uses Existing Sampling Systems • Applicable to Almost All Sources • Weaknesses • Optional Procedures Allowed • Potential Biases

6. Existing Dilution Methods • More than Six Variants • With/Without Stack Particle Sizing • Different Residence Times • Dilution Ratios • Strengths • Condense Particulate by Dilution • Weaknesses • Heavy, Bulky, Complex

7. Typical Research Test Method

8. Typical Research Test Method

9. Existing Sampler

10. In Stack Particle Sizers

11. Heated Sample Venturi

12. Dehumidifier / HEPA Filter

13. Mixing Chamber

14. Dilution Air Mixer

15. Major Components

16. SpeciationFilter Module • Aliquot of diluted sample extracted for speciation analysis • Denuders used to remove potentially reactive gases

17. Development Phase Evaluation Phase Standardization 2001 2002 2003 2004 Dec Apr Aug Dec Apr Aug Dec Apr Aug Dec Apr Schedule • Expected Need in FY 2004

18. Current Status • Completing Hardware Development • Hardware Operates as Expected • Sample Rate Maintained • Isokinetics Maintained • Dilution Ratios Maintained • Temperatures Maintained • Have Final Results from 2nd Hardware Shakedown Test • Completed Two Comparison Tests • Modified URG Dilution Sampler • Pre M4 & Method 202

19. 0.05 DST 0.045 PM <2.5 0.04 PM >2.5 0.035 0.03 M17/202 Concentration(gr/dscf) 0.025 Ps PM 0.02 ICPM 0.015 OCPM FPM 0.01 0.005 0 Dilution Sampling System (7ppm SO3) Method 17/202 9ppm SO3 Sampling Method & Process Operation Method 17/202 15 – 18 ppm SO3 Preliminary Results of Second Test • Hardware Evaluation • Coal Fired Utility • M17/202 Performed Previous Year • ESP Rebuild Before EPA Test

20. 40 35 30 25 Concentration (mg/dscm) 20 15 10 5 0 1 2 3 1 2 3 OAQPS DST ORD DST Test Method and Run number Preliminary Results of Third Test • Oil Fired Boiler • At <20% Load • Poor Test Location • Expanding Duct • In 90o Turn • Very Complex Speciation

21. CPM (ACT) CPM (M202) CPM (EPA) FPM2.5 PM >2.5 125 105 85 PM (mg/dscm) 65 45 25 5 R 1 R 2 R 3 R 1 R 2 R 3 -15 Mill Off Mill On Preliminary Results of Fourth Test Portland Cement Plant 20 to 130 ppm NH3 500 ppm SO2 500 ppm NOx

22. Operating OAQPS Sample Train

23. QUESTIONS