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Lesson 10

Lesson 10. Judges 3:7-5:31. The Early Judges Judges 3:7-5:31. When the children of Israel forsook the Lord and served the Baalim and Asheroth (Baal’s female counterpart) God sold them into the hands of Cushan-rishthaim from Mesopotamia 3:7 Remember what Joshua had told them?

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Lesson 10

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  1. Lesson 10 Judges 3:7-5:31

  2. The Early JudgesJudges 3:7-5:31 • When the children of Israel forsook the Lord and served the Baalim and Asheroth (Baal’s female counterpart) God sold them into the hands of Cushan-rishthaim from Mesopotamia 3:7 • Remember what Joshua had told them? • He told Israel this would happen several year before this time.

  3. CUSHAN-RISHATHAIMku'-shan-rish-a-tha'-im (kushan rish`athayim, translated, or rather interpreted, as "man from Cush, he of the twofold crime"; The King James Version Cushan-rishathaim): Mentioned in Jud 3:8-10 as a king of Mesopotamia who was chosen by God as his tool to chastise the Israelites for their idolatry. After Joshua's death the children of Israel soon began to affiliate themselves with the heathen peoples among whom they dwelt.

  4. This was the fertile source of all their troubles. God delivered ("sold") them into the hands of the heathen. Cushan-rishathaim is the first whose name is given in this connection. Barring this short passage in Judges nothing is known of the man. Eight years the Israelites were under his dominion, then the Lord raised up a deliverer to them, Othniel, the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother--the first of the judges. • Israel cried unto the Lord and He raised up a savior • The Spirit of the Lord came upon Othniel, he defeated Cushan-rishathaim

  5. The Early JudgesJudges 3:7-9:57 • We usually think of a time of war in Israel during the Judges. • It was not war throughout the land but in certain areas • There were some overlapping of the Judges that occurred also. • After a victory by Israel there would be peace for many years in that area • Why was it important to have control of Israel? • Trade

  6. Trade Routes

  7. Othniel and the OppressionJudges 3:7-11 • Othniel lived in the central to southern part of Judah • Othniel may have met Cushan-rishathaim as his army came to conquer cities • We are not given any information where Othniel had battle with him • We only know that Jehovah delivered him into the hand of Othniel • After this there was peace for 40 years

  8. Othniel

  9. Ehud and Oppression of EglonJudges 3:12-30 • Israel again did evil in the sight of the Jehovah • He sent Eglon king of the Moabites along with the Amorites and Amalekites against Israel • They seized the city of palm trees (site of Jericho) • Israel served Eglon for 18 years • Many of the Moabites had moved to the west side of the Jordan • Do you remember Moab and Amon

  10. Ehud and Oppression of EglonJudges 3:12-30 • The Amalekites were one of the tribes from the desert- same ones that attacked Israel at Rephidim when they left Egypt (Exod.17:8-16) (Deut. 25:17-19; 1Sam 15:3) • They lived in the southern part of the Sinai peninsula at that time • They are now in alliance with Moab, Ammon in the eastern plateau

  11. Ehud and Oppression of EglonJudges 3:12-30 • The children of Israel cried out to Jehovah for deliverance • Jehovah sends Ehud from the tribe of Benjamin to save Israel • Ehud was the one by whom Israel was sending their tribute to Eglon • Ehud was left-handed and made a double-edged sword about 18 inches long • As he prepared to take the tribute to Eglon, he strapped the sword on his right side beneath his clothing

  12. Normally a man wore his sword on the left and drew it with his right • Ehud’s sword would not be noticeable being on his right side and under clothing • After giving tribute to the king, Ehud started back home with the other Israelites, but turned back at the stone quarry near Gilgal • He went back to Eglon’s quarters and said he had a secret message for him

  13. Ehud and Oppression of EglonJudges 3:12-30 • The king told him to keep quiet. • He wanted to be in private when it was told to him • So the king ordered all attendants out of his chambers and Ehud came to him • Eglon was sitting alone in a cool upper room with only Ehud with him • Eglon was a very fat man • Ehud said I have a message from God

  14. At that moment Ehud pulled out his sword and thrust it deep into Eglon’s body and the fat closed around the sword • Ehud left it there and went out of the room by the porch and locked the doors and fled • The servants of Eglon found the door locked and thought he was using the restroom • Waiting a long time until they felt guilty about leaving him so long they finally unlocked the door and found him dead

  15. Ehud had made his way back to the hill-country of Ephraim • He blew the trumpet calling the Israelites to him for war • He told them to follow him because Jehovah has delivered your enemies the Moabites into your hands • Israel killed every Moabite they came in contact with as they crossed Jordan the number was about 10,000 • Israel had rest for eighty years

  16. Ehud and Oppression of EglonJudges 3:12-30 Amorites Amalekites M O A b Moab

  17. Shamgar and the PhilistinesJudges 3:31 • After Ehud came Shamgar, son of Anath • He killed 600 men of the Philistines with an ox-goad and saved Israel • Nothing else is told about Shamgar • When did he live? • What were the circumstances that cause it? • Deborah refers to him in her song saying, “In the days of Shamgar…the caravans ceased” Judges 5:6

  18. Shamgar brought some relief to Israel • Did not have total deliverance from the Philistines • Deborah indicates that the situation of danger in Shamgar’s day was not completely alleviated until her time as judge (5:7) • Her tenure as judge was related to Ehud not Shamgar (4:1)

  19. Shamgar and the PhilistinesJudges 3:31 • This is the first time the Philistines were mentioned as enemies of Israel • It is only the beginning of a long conflict between the two nations • There had been Philistines in the land since the days of Abraham Gen. 20 • God chose not to go through their land after the exodus from Egypt. Ex. 13:17-18

  20. Shamgar and the PhilistinesJudges 3:31 • The Philistines were not named as a major threat by Moses as Israel was preparing to enter the land. Deut. 7:1 • They were of the same bloodline as the Canaanites and Egyptians… all descendants of Ham Gen. 10:14 • Their primary home seemed to be the island of Crete in the Mediterranean

  21. Shamgar and the PhilistinesJudges 3:31 • After the victory of Shamgar more of the Philistines probably settled in that area from Crete • The Philistines are named as one of the people that God left to test Israel Judg. 3:3 • The Philistines fought for control of the whole southern part of the land. • They were not subdued until the days of David (2 Sam 5:17-25) • Subject only for brief times after this period

  22. Philistine territory

  23. Deborah and the CanaanitesJudges 4-5:31 • Israel turned from God again and He sends Jabin king of Canaan against Israel The captain of the army was named Sisera • Jabin reigned in Hazor • Harosheth-goiim is where Sisera dwelt • The oppression was severe because they had 900 chariots of Iron in their army • Jabin ruled 20 years with a hand of iron • Israel cried to Jehovah

  24. Ramah

  25. Jezreel Valley

  26. This oppression is from the Canaanites the people who Israel already subdued earlier • Many years have passed since Joshua’s day and now there is a king who rules over the Canaanites in Hazor whose name is Jabin like the one in Josh. 11:1 • This will be the last time the Canaanites will be a threat to Israel • Their gods bring a downfall to Israel

  27. Deborah and the CanaanitesJudges 4-5:31

  28. You noticed that Hazor is near Lake Huleh • Jabin’s chief captain is Sisera from Harosheth-goiim thought to be near the border of Asher and Zebulun • Harosheth may be a term for wooded, mountainous area north of Naphtali • The oppression was primarily against the tribes in the north

  29. Deborah the Judge • Deborah was married to Lappidoth (a man that is not well known) and lived beneath the palm tree between Ramah and Bethel • The children of Israel came to her for judgment • She lived miles from the area under afflictions

  30. Soldiers were called from Naphtali and Zebulun to help along with some from other tribes Cp. 5:13-18

  31. Deborah sends for Barak the son of Abinoam • Jehovah has commanded to go to Tabor with 10,000 men to go against Sisera the captain of Jabin’s army • I Jehovah will deliver him into your hands • Barak tells Deborah he will go only if she goes • Deborah says she will go but this will not be an honor to you • Jehovah will give the honor to a woman • They went together to battle against Sisera

  32. Sisera learned that the Israelites had gathered for war • He took his chariots and soldiers to the River Kishon • Deborah tells Barak to “Go forth” Sisera will be delivered into your hands today • Barak and his army went down from Mt. Tabor • This was a day of much rain and the River Kishon swept away many chariots • The others because they were iron could not go up the slopes of Mt. Tabor to fight Barak

  33. Mt. Tabor

  34. Looking at Mt. Tabor from the Jezreel Valley

  35. Deborah the Judge • Sisera jumped from his chariot obviously it would not move forward • Barak and his men pursued after Sisera and his soldiers • Sisera’s men fled north toward Harosheth-goiim • Sisera himself ran east toward Kedesh-naphtali

  36. Harosheth-goiim

  37. Sisera ran to the tent of Heber the Kenite • Do you remember who the Kenites were? • Judges 1:16 reminds us this is the children of Moses' father-in-law who had moved from southwest Judah up to Kedesh-naphtali • Sisera ask for some water because he had been fleeing from Barak • Jael the wife of Heber gave him milk to drink • Sisera told her to watch at the door and he lay down to rest (sleep) • She covered him and he went soundly to sleep

  38. While Sisera was asleep Jael took a tent pin and drove it through his temple into the ground and killed him • A little while later Barak and his men came by and Jael went out to meet them and told them the man you are looking for is in my tent • They entered and found Sisera dead just as Deborah had said the honor would go to a woman for the victory of the battle

  39. God brought Jabin and the Canaanites under control and were finally destroyed by the Israelites • This may have been the first in a series of battles Judges 4:23-24 • Battles ended with the death of Jabin • Whether it was one or many battles the important thing is God gave Israel victory and destroyed the Canaanites • Deborah writes a song Chapter 5

  40. Othniel Ehud Shamgar Deborah Gideon Abimelech Tola Jair Jepthah Ibzan Elon Abdon Samson Eli Samuel Judges

  41. Song of Deborah Judges 5 • 2Praise ye the LORD for the avenging of Israel, when the people willingly offered themselves. 3Hear, O ye kings; give ear, O ye princes; I, even I, will sing unto the LORD; I will sing praise to the LORD God of Israel. 4LORD, when thou wentest out of Seir, when thou marchedst out of the field of Edom, the earth trembled, and the heavens dropped, the clouds also dropped water. 5The mountains melted from before the LORD, even that Sinai from before the LORD God of Israel.

  42. 6In the days of Shamgar the son of Anath, in the days of Jael, the highways were unoccupied, and the travellers walked through byways. 7The inhabitants of the villages ceased, they ceased in Israel, until that I Deborah arose, that I arose a mother in Israel. 8They chose new gods; then was war in the gates: was there a shield or spear seen among forty thousand in Israel? 9My heart is toward the governors of Israel, that offered themselves willingly among the people. Bless ye the LORD. 

  43. 10Speak, ye that ride on white asses, ye that sit in judgment, and walk by the way. 11They that are delivered from the noise of archers in the places of drawing water, there shall they rehearse the righteous acts of the LORD, even the righteous acts toward the inhabitants of his villages in Israel: then shall the people of the LORD go down to the gates.

  44. 12Awake, awake, Deborah: awake, awake, utter a song: arise, Barak, and lead thy captivity captive, thou son of Abinoam. 13Then he made him that remaineth have dominion over the nobles among the people: the LORD made me have dominion over the mighty. 14Out ofEphraim was there a root of them against Amalek; after thee, Benjamin, among thy people; out of Machir came down governors, and out of Zebulun they that handle the pen of the writer. 15And the princes of Issachar were with Deborah; even Issachar, and also Barak: he was sent on foot into the valley. For the divisions of Reuben there were great thoughts of heart. 

  45. 16Why abodest thou among the sheepfolds, to hear the bleatings of the flocks? For the divisions of Reuben there were great searchings of heart. 17Gilead abode beyond Jordan: and why did Dan remain in ships? Asher continued on the sea shore, and abode in his breaches. 18Zebulun and Naphtali were a people that jeoparded their lives unto the death in the high places of the field. 19The kings came and fought, then fought the kings of Canaan in Taanach by the waters of Megiddo; they took no gain of money. 

  46. 20They fought from heaven; the stars in their courses fought against Sisera. 21The river of Kishon swept them away, that ancient river, the river Kishon. O my soul, thou hast trodden down strength. 22Then were the horsehoofs broken by the means of the prancings, the prancings of their mighty ones. 23Curse ye Meroz, said the angel of the LORD, curse ye bitterly the inhabitants thereof; because they came not to the help of the LORD, to the help of the LORD against the mighty.

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