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A Good Time: After-School Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy

This Presentation Covers 2 Areas:. Why after-school programs are important to teen pregnancy preventionMajor findings from recent Campaign publications produced through PWWTW. Teen Pregnancy in the United States. Some good news

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A Good Time: After-School Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy

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    1. A Good Time: After-School Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy

    2. This Presentation Covers 2 Areas: Why after-school programs are important to teen pregnancy prevention Major findings from recent Campaign publications produced through PWWTW

    3. Teen Pregnancy in the United States

    5. More Good News Teen pregnancy and birth rates are down. Decreasing percentage of teens who have ever had sex (14%). Decreasing percentage of teens with four or more partners (23%). Increasing condom use (36%). Note: changes over 1991-2003 from the YRBS, high school students in grades 9-12.

    6. Some Bad News The U.S. still has the highest rate of teen pregnancy in the industrialized world.

    7. 34% of Girls Get Pregnant at Least Once Before the Age of 20

    8. This translates into: About 850,000 pregnancies to teens per year in the US. Almost 100 teen girls get pregnant each hour.

    10. Information from 2 PWWTW Publications Science Says: Where and When Teens First Have Sex A Good Time: After-School Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy (Developed by Child Trends and the National Campaign)

    11. Why After-School Programs are Important

    12. Why After-School Programs are Important

    13. Why After-School Programs are Important

    14. Why After-School Programs are Important

    16. After-School Programs Can Affect The Sexual Behavior of Teens A Good Time: After-School Programs to Reduce Teen Pregnancy was written by Child Trends for PWWTW. Reviews evaluation findings for 3 types of after-school programs for youth: Curriculum-Based Sex Education Programs (7) Youth Development Programs (3) Service Learning Programs (2)

    17. Criteria for Inclusion in Report All programs included must have: Been completed in 1980 or later; Been conducted in the US or Canada; Been targeted at youth between the ages of nine and 18 and/or in grades 6-12; Used an experimental or quasi-experimental design; Had a sample size large enough to make comparisons between program and control groups; Measured effects on sexual or contraceptive behavior, pregnancy and/or childbearing.

    18. Curriculum-Based Sex Education Programs Five out of the seven programs showed a positive effect on sexual activity and/or contraceptive use. All effective programs targeted African American Youth Becoming a Responsible Teen (Boys & Girls, ages 14-18) Focus on Kids (Boys & Girls, ages 9-15) Be Proud! Be Responsible! (Boys, grades 10-12) Making a Difference! (Boys & Girls, grades 6-7) Making Proud Choices! (Boys & Girls, grades 6-7) Some abstinence-based, some comprehensive. All included exercises to practice refusal/negotiation skills.

    19. Youth Development Programs All three programs were effective for some populations. All programs included boys and girls Childrens Aid Society-Carrera Program (Mostly African American, ages 13-15) Quantum Opportunities Program (Majority African-American, ages 13-17) Washington State Client-Centered Pregnancy Prevention Programs (Primarily white, ages 14-17) All programs focused on enhancing education and career options, provided some type of sex education, and were intensive and multi-year.

    20. Service Learning Program Most of the teens who participated were African American girls Teen Outreach Program (Top) (Grades 9-12) Focused on preventing such things as school failure and pregnancy. Although a main TOP objective was to prevent adolescent pregnancy, sex was not a primary topic of discussion.

    21. Program Profile Grid

    23. A Variety of Approaches Can Affect Pregnancy and/or STD Risk Among Teens Programs ranged from short, curriculum-based to intensive multi-year, youth development programs. Each demonstrated some positive outcome including delayed sexual activity, improved contraceptive use, and/or reduced pregnancy/childbearing. Communities that want to set up after-school programs have several options.

    24. After-School Programs Can Have a Positive Influence on Teens Pregnancy Risk Even if They Do Not Have a Strong Sex Ed Focus Important news for communities beset by disagreements over abstinence and contraception. Service learning programs offer a good option for communities that want to avoid a controversy over traditional sex education programs.

    25. Community Programs Out of the School Building and During After-School Hours Can Reach Youth Most at Risk Teens who are not in school are a critical population to connect with because they are at the highest risk for STDs/HIV and pregnancy.

    26. The More Intensive and Multi-Component Youth Development Programs May Have the Greatest Effect For these more intensive, long-term programs, at least for some populations, there are more long term effects on pregnancy and birth rates, than for the shorter, less intensive programs.

    27. Communities Can Do A Lot With A Little Several short-term curriculum-based programs have some effect in delaying the onset of sex, reducing the frequency of sex, decreasing the number of sexual partners, and/or increasing the use of contraception among teens. It is important to note that these effects are often only measured in the short-term, so longer programs are still important to consider.

    28. Programs That Were Not Effective Programs that are not effective tend to be: Too short in duration Do not incorporate enough skill building exercises (teaching negotiation and refusal skills to teens).

    29. We Still Have Much to Learn The evaluation research is encouraging, but many of the impacts are modest in magnitude and brief in duration More information is needed on several fronts: How would these programs work with different populations and in different settings? What specific program elements effect teens behavior? What is the actual cost of these programs? How important is the curriculum or the community service component?

    30. Ideas for the Future Equip teens with information and skills to act wisely. Educators, parents, policymakers, and others can use National Campaign publications to learn more about effective approaches. All newly established programs should include a rigorous evaluation component in order to contribute further to our understanding of how after-school programs can postpone sexual involvement and reduce teen pregnancy.

    31. For more information: Visit www.teenpregnancy.org

    32. Putting What Works to Work (PWWTW)

    33. PWWTW: What? Cooperative Agreement funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Goal: Enhance the ability of state and local organizations to incorporate science-based approaches into their teen pregnancy prevention efforts.

    34. PWWTW: How? Produce high-quality, research-based, user-friendly materials. Use these materials to encourage states, communities, and national organizations to incorporate research-based practices into their work. Go beyond the usual suspects and reach out to media executives, state legislators, funders and other opinion leaders.

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