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Precision and meticulous hemostasis is essential<br>requirement in minimal access surgery (MAS). Endoscopic<br>dissection, in contrast to dissection in conventional surgery,<br>possesses several limitations. Three dimensional direct<br>visions are replaced by two dimensional indirect visions<br>in laparoscopic surgery. Illumination and the video image<br>quality are still limited despite recent advances in video<br>systems such as digitization and three chip endocamera.<br>Movement of the functional tip of laparoscopic instruments<br>is restricted along with the kinematics response.
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