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Exploring Ancient Egypt: Geography, Society, and Religion

Discover the fascinating world of Ancient Egypt through its geography, societal structure, and religious beliefs. Located in northeastern Africa, Egypt is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea, the Sahara Desert, and the Red Sea, which helped protect it from invasions. The Nile River, often referred to as the "Gift of the Nile," provided essential resources for agriculture and trade. Delve into the ancient Egyptians’ polytheistic religion, their belief in the powerful role of pharaohs, and their use of hieroglyphics as a means of communication.

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Exploring Ancient Egypt: Geography, Society, and Religion

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Ancient Civilizations: Egypt

  2. Ventre’s Adventures

  3. Geography & Environment

  4. The Geography • On which continent is Egypt located? • Africa; in the northeastern region

  5. The Geography • Location • North Africa • Natural barriers: Mediterranean Sea, Sahara Desert, Red Sea • Result = less prone to invasion.

  6. The Geography • On which river did the ancient Egyptians settle? • Nile River • WHY??

  7. The Geography • Nile River • World’s longest river (4130 miles) • “Gift of the Nile”  annual flooding that deposits rich soil. • Benefits • Easy communication. • Transportation. • Ample water supply.

  8. Nile River

  9. Menes: Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt Upper vs Lower Upper Lower Menes

  10. Society

  11. Great to be an Egyptian? • A social hierarchy not locked in. • Possible to change status via marriage, personal success, etc.

  12. IntellectualHistory

  13. Writing • Earliest form of writing = pictograph

  14. The Importance of Writing • In hieroglyphics: • Images stand for ideas, as well as for sounds • The image of an OWL stands for the m sound, as well as for the bird itself

  15. The Importance of Writing • Hieroglyphics: developed from pictographs • Images stand for ideas, as well as for sounds

  16. Papyrus -A paper-like material - Now scribes could write on a more compact surface, instead of stone or clay.

  17. As the Egyptian civilization declined, any chance of deciphering hieroglyphics was lost…. Rosetta Stone

  18. Religion & Government

  19. Egyptian Religion • Polytheism: • The worship of many gods • Worshipped 2000+ gods and goddesses

  20. Isis – the protective goddess. She used powerful magic to help people in need. Ra – the sun god. He was the most important god of the ancient Egyptians. Brother and Sister Anubis – the god of embalming and the dead. Osiris – god of the dead, and ruler of the underworld.

  21. Atum – the creator god. Believed to be the first god to exist. Seth – the god of chaos. Horus – god of the sky. Protector of the pharaoh. Sekhmet – goddess of war.

  22. Who is this?

  23. Egyptian Government • Theocracy: • Type of gov’tin which rule is based upon religious authority

  24. Egyptian Government • Pharoh • Egyptians believed that their kings, or pharaohs, WERE gods • Pharaohs VERY POWERFUL! • Ruled religion, government & military

  25. What is Ka? • Egyptians believed that the Pharaohs possessed an eternal life force, also known as ka

  26. What is Ka? • Ka allowed pharaohs to rule for all of eternity; therefore, their tombs were even more important than their palaces on earth

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