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THE CHAMPLAIN ERA

The Champlain Era marks a significant period of French exploration and colonization in North America, led by Samuel de Champlain from 1604 to 1663. His expeditions included the establishment of early settlements at Acadia, Port Royal, and Quebec. Champlain faced numerous challenges, including harsh winters that led to severe suffering and high mortality rates among settlers. His resilience led to important alliances with Native tribes, such as the Huron, and the establishment of the fur trade, ultimately shaping the future of New France and its interactions with Indigenous peoples.

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THE CHAMPLAIN ERA

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  1. 1603-1663 THE CHAMPLAIN ERA

  2. 1604 BACKGROUND • Champlain was a cartographer and enthusiastic explorer in a group led by Sieur de Monts. Colonies were set up in: • Acadia 1604 • Port Royal 1606 • Quebec 1608

  3. ACADIA • 1604 • Intent on establishing a French colony and permanent trading post • Severe winter led to great suffering for settlers • Malnutrition, cold and isolation • Scurvy and disease caused by a diet lacking vitamin C • Half the expedition died

  4. PORT ROYAL • 1605 • Applied lessons learned from previous year • Built homes more sustainable in a cold winter • Located habitation close to forest • Wood for building materials and firewood • Settlement was abandoned in 1607 and returned to in 1609.

  5. Quebec • Champlain became more interested in establishing lasting colony in New France • Colony would serve to Christianize Native peoples • Settlement would offer trade advantage • Belief St. Lawrence would lead to riches of Asia • Decided on site of Quebec because of fertile land and military defence

  6. QUEBEC • Champlain met up with local Algonkian and Huron who were eager to trade furs • Alliance was established by gift distribution and feasting • And by helping with Huron attack of the Iroquois in 1609 at Battle of Ticonderoga • European firearms deciding factor • Iroquois lost courage and fled to woods • Established fur trade control for Huron/French • Iroquois developed hatred of French

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