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AFEX Treatment on Poplar and Hydrolysis

AFEX Treatment on Poplar and Hydrolysis. Balan Venkatesh, Shishir Chundawat and Bruce E. Dale. Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science. BCRL, Michigan State University (www.everythingbiomass.org). 2 nd March 2006.

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AFEX Treatment on Poplar and Hydrolysis

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  1. AFEX Treatment on Poplar and Hydrolysis Balan Venkatesh, Shishir Chundawat and Bruce E. Dale Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science BCRL, Michigan State University (www.everythingbiomass.org) 2nd March 2006 (Integration of Leading Biomass Pretreatment Technologies , CAFI-2)

  2. Agenda • Optimizing the AFEX pretreatment conditions • (higher temperature and ammonia loading) for • low lignin (small batch) and high lignin (large batch) Poplar • Effect of water soaking before AFEX and water washing • after AFEX • Enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulases, hemicellulase • and additives like surfactant

  3. Experimental Conditions: • Water soaking: Ten times the weight of biomass (untreated) for 24 hrs • AFEX condition (as given under each figure) • Hydrolysis reaction condition: 50 oC, pH 4.8, 90 rpm • In all experiments 15 FPU/g glucan (31.3 mg/g glucan) of Spezyme • and in some reaction of multifect xylanase (3.1 mg/g glucan) was used • In some reactions 0.35 g surfactant /g glucan (Tween 80) was used • for 15 ml reaction volume. • Hydrolyzed products were quantitatively analyzed by HPLC • Calculations were done based on theoretical glucan (45.1%) • and xylan (17.8%) content.

  4. Effect of ammonia loading on 24 h water soaked (before AFEX) High Lignin Poplar C- Cellulase X- Xylanase A- Additive UT- Untreated

  5. Effect of Temperature and ammonia loading on Low Lignin Poplar C- Cellulase X- Xylanase A- Additive UT- Untreated BM- Biomass 1:1 (BM:Ammonia) 1:1.5 (BM:Ammonia)

  6. Effect of Temperature and ammonia loading on 24 h water soaked (before AFEX) Low Lignin Poplar C- Cellulase X- Xylanase A- Additive UT- Untreated BM- Biomass ??

  7. Mass Balance For Water Washing UT- Untreated AT- AFEX treated CS- Corn stover For Corn Stover (UT) 6%, (AT) 13% (weight loss based on DBM) For Low Lignin Poplar (UT) 3% , (AT) 7% (weight loss based on DBM)

  8. Effect of Grinding on Enzymatic hydrolysis UT- Untreated AT- AFEX treated UG- Ungrounded GR- Ground C- Cellulase X- Xylanase A- Additive (Tween 80) BM- Biomass

  9. Present results: • Increasing pretreatment temperature, improves glucan conversion • Water soaking before AFEX further enhances glucan conversion • Grinding aids AFEX pretreatment effectiveness and improves • enzymatic hydrolysis as well • Future work: • Modify the pretreatment condition for higher glucan conversions • Effect of various additives and enzyme combinations on hydrolysis • Wash stream analysis for lignin monomers and • xylo-oligosaccharides by LC-MS, GC-MS • Inhibitory effect of wash stream components on enzymes

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