170 likes | 260 Vues
Explore the history of energy usage, laws of thermodynamics, energy needs, U.S. energy consumption, oil crises, and global energy challenges. Complete the assignment by analyzing energy demands over the past 250 years using the P.E.A.R. method.
E N D
January 28 • Ch. 8 Schoology Quiz is closed. • Ch. 16 Schoology Quiz is now up and running. You have until Friday to complete it. • Today: History of Energy Useage • HW: PVCL both Chapters 12 and 13
Use P.E.A.R. to answer the following question: How have energy demands have changed in the last 250 years?
First Law of Thermodynamics • First Law: Energy cannot be created or destroyed. • Energy Flows through Systems Sun Plants geologic forces coal human effort power plant electricity toaster toast you heat, walking around, talking, thinking, etc. • Energy can change form Nuclear light chemicalmechanicalchemical mechanical heatmechanical electrical heatchemical heat, mechanical, sound, chemical, etc.
Second Law of Thermodynamics • When energy is converted from one form to another, a less useful form results (a decrease in energy quality). • Energy cannot be recycled to a higher quality. • Only 20% of the energy in gasoline is converted to mechanical energy. The rest is lost as heat (low quality energy) • Heat is the by-product of most energy conversions
Energy Needs • Energy demands are continually increasing • All societies on Earth want better standards of living • Requires Energy • Diverse sources of energy can meet these increasing demands
Energy and International Politics • As of the mid-1960s, the U.S. was no longer self-sufficient in energy and begins to import oil. • This generates instability in the U.S. economy with numerous "oil crises" • 1973: OPEC embargo in response to western support of Israel • 1979: Iranian Revolution • 1990: First Gulf War • 2000-2001: Deregulation of California energy industry leads to corporate corruption • 2006-2008: Political instability in Venezuela, Iran, and Iraq; increased demand by India and China
Oil Crises & the Economy • A 5% decrease in Imported Oil will cause an Energy/Oil Crisis. • All Oil Crises have resulted in high rates of inflation followed by recessions • In 1998, the U.S. began to import more oil than what it produced domestically. • According to the EIA, the current recession is the result of 2 factors: • 2006-2008 Oil shortage • Sub-prime mortgage crisis