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The Executive Branch

The Executive Branch. Chapter 10. How do you get in the White House?. Must be: At least 35 years old A NATIVE born citizen Living in the US for at least 14 years The above is also true for the Vice President . Why couldn’t Hamilton be president?. So who can be president here?.

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The Executive Branch

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  1. The Executive Branch Chapter 10

  2. How do you get in the White House? • Must be: • At least 35 years old • A NATIVE born citizen • Living in the US for at least 14 years • The above is also true for the Vice President. • Why couldn’t Hamilton be president?

  3. So who can be president here?

  4. Terms of Office • Terms last 4 years • Before 1951, the president could serve an unlimited number of terms (FDR, for example) • NOW, the President can only serve two terms (22nd amendment) for a total of EIGHT years

  5. How President is Chosen • We vote for the president, but the president is actually chosen by the ELECTORAL COLLEGE • In order to win the presidency, you need at least 270 electoral votes • Winner-take-all system • Every 4 years

  6. What if something happens to the president? • This is the order after the president: • Vice President • Speaker of the House (R) • President Pro Temp • Sec. of State • Sec. of Treasury • Sec. of Defense • Attorney General • All other cabinet secretaries in order of their departments’ creation

  7. Role #1 – Chief Executive • President’s main job = enforce the laws • Article II of Constitution • Pres. Can’t do it alone • He appoints 1000’s of people in various departments to make sure laws are being followed • FBI • Dept. of Treasury • IRS

  8. Executive Orders • Sometimes the President needs to get things done before Congress can make laws • Executive orders = commands by the President that act as law • Example – Executive Order 9044 = Requires Japanese-Americans to be rounded up in internment camps • Are Exec. Orders Constitutional?

  9. Role #2 – Chief Diplomat • What is diplomacy? • Conducting relations with other nations • This is exactly what the Pres. does • Appoints Ambassadors • Embassies/consulates • Treaties & Exec. Agreements • Formal Meetings with officials • Why is diplomacy important? Obama and President HuJintao of China

  10. Role #3 – Commander in Chief • Who has more power or authority over the armed forces?

  11. Commander-in-chief • Right! The presidentis in control of the entire armed forces (army, navy, air force, etc.) • When Congress declares war, the president is in charge of forces

  12. The Football • The president is in charge of the nuclear codes in case he needs to use them against another nation. • They are kept in a leather briefcase and guarded at all times. It’s called “THE FOOTBALL”

  13. When was the last time we went to war? • Take a guess! • Try the 1940s! • So what about Korea, Vietnam, both Iraqs, Kosovo, Afghanistan? • All “wars” since 1945 have been “armed conflicts” or “police actions” that didn’t need Congress to declare war • War Powers Act of 1972 – Limits the President to deploy troops up to 60 days and then needs Congressional approval

  14. Legislative Leader • The President also influences the passage of bills • State of the Union Address • GOOD PRESIDENTS ARE GOOD LEGISLATIVE LEADERS • Due to their ability to work with both parties in Congress

  15. Party Leader • Obama is not only the president, but also the one whom most people think of when the term “Democrat” is mentioned • President’s job is to unite and lead the party

  16. Judicial Leader • Mostly a check on the Judicial branch of govt. • President nominates judges • Federal courts • Supreme Court • Pardon = forgiveness for a crime • Amnesty = a pardon for mass groups of people • Reprieve = a delay on a punishment

  17. Chief of State • Quite simply, the President is the unofficial spokesperson for the country. • President = personification of our country • That’s why teams from Pittsburgh always get to go see him!

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