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NAVIGATION IN PRACTICE

NAVIGATION IN PRACTICE. INTRODUCTION. CHENG CHING SIANG B.Sc (Biology) from NUS M.A. (Southeast Asian Studies) from NUS Bridgewatchkeeping Certificate awarded by the Republic of Singapore Navy Watchkeeping Certificate level 1 awarded by the Federal Republic of Germany Navy. INTRODUCTION.

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NAVIGATION IN PRACTICE

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  1. NAVIGATION IN PRACTICE

  2. INTRODUCTION • CHENG CHING SIANG • B.Sc (Biology) from NUS • M.A. (Southeast Asian Studies) from NUS • Bridgewatchkeeping Certificate awarded by the Republic of Singapore Navy • Watchkeeping Certificate level 1 awarded by the Federal Republic of Germany Navy

  3. INTRODUCTION • The views and opinions expressed in this session are purely personal and do not in any way represent any official view of the Republic of Singapore Navy or any Government body.

  4. SCOPE • PREPARING A PASSAGE • COASTAL NAVIGATION • OCEAN PASSAGE • Q & A session Right: Parkes Radio Space Telescope in Australia

  5. PREPARING A PASSAGE • Getting Organized • PUBLICATIONS • Admiralty Sailing Directions, Admiralty Distance Tables, Admiralty list of Lights, Admiralty Tide Tables etc. • CHARTS • Largest Scale Charts appropriate for the purpose • METEOROLOGY • Likely Weather, Weather Stations en route • PILOTS • Diversionary Ports, Search and Rescue alternatives

  6. PREPARING A PASSAGE • Planning the ETD and ETA • Tidal Considerations, Port Restrictions, Courtesies to the Country visited etc. • Fuel considerations • Economical Steaming

  7. PREPARING A PASSAGE All is not always plain sailing!

  8. COASTAL NAVIGATION • FIXING METHODS • Visual • Radar • Horizontal/Vertical Sextant Angle • Combination • Radio Fixing • GPS/DGPS

  9. COASTAL NAVIGATION An Example of Fixing using Sounding Lines & Bearing

  10. COASTAL NAVIGATION Bearing Lattice Fixes

  11. COASTAL NAVIGATION Lattice of HSA curves

  12. COASTAL NAVIGATION PILOTAGE

  13. OCEAN PASSAGE • Celestial Navigation • Modern Methods i.e. GPS, LORAN-C, DECCA • Dead Reckoning

  14. OCEAN PASSAGE • Celestial Navigation • Planning • Pointers • Other Practical Uses • Gyro Checks • Prediction of Phenomenon like Sunrise/Sunset, Moonrise/Moonset, Twilight etc. Fig : Evening Twilight by Sergon

  15. OCEAN PASSAGE • Modern Methods • Global Positioning Systems Right: A GPS Satellite

  16. OCEAN PASSAGE • Modern Methods • Others • Inertial Navigation System (INS) • Navigation Sensor System Interface (NavSSI) • Bottom Contour Navigation • Long Range Navigation Right: Tomahawk Firing during the Gulf War

  17. OCEAN PASSAGE • Dead Reckoning • Loosely defined as the plotting of the Ship’s approximate position or future position • A fix is something in History Fig : A Dead Reckoned Track

  18. LOST PROCEDURES • I have a few suggestions • Get on MMS Ch 16 and yell for help • Ask a passing ship politely in as many languages possible for a GPS position • Get your spare GPS working • Get that sextant out Right: An International Distress Flag ‘SOS’

  19. BON VOYAGE!

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