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Understanding the Layers and Functions of Epidermis and Epithelial Tissues

This document provides an overview of the epidermis and the types of epithelial tissues within the integumentary system. It explains the classification of epithelial tissues based on structure, including simple and stratified types, as well as cell shapes being squamous, cuboidal, or columnar. The characteristics of epithelial tissues such as polarity, cellularity, and avascular nature are described. Additionally, key examples of simple squamous, cuboidal, and columnar epithelia are presented, along with their functions and locations, such as in the lungs, kidneys, and gall bladder.

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Understanding the Layers and Functions of Epidermis and Epithelial Tissues

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  1. Skin (Integument) Figure 5.3 Epidermis

  2. Layers of the Epidermis: STRATA = LAYERS C G S B D C G S B D Epidermis

  3. Tissues • Groups of cells similar in structure and function • The four types of tissues • Epithelial • Connective • Muscle • Nerve

  4. EPITHELIAL TISSUE

  5. Epithelial Tissue • covers the body surfaces • lines the lumen of organs • lines the body cavities • forms glands and lines ducts

  6. Epithelial Tissue - characteristics • Cellularity – • Special contacts – tight / desmosomes • Polarity – apical / basal • Supported by connective tissue – lamina • Avascular but innervated – • Regenerative –

  7. Classification of Epithelia • Simple or stratified Figure 4.1a

  8. apical basal

  9. Classification of Epithelia • Squamous, cuboidal, or columnar • DESCRIPTION Figure 4.1b

  10. Simple Squamous DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS PRESENCE- glomeruli, alveoli, etc. Figure 4.2a

  11. Alv Org

  12. Lung XS

  13. Alv Org

  14. C AL Squamous Type II cell

  15. Lumen of alveolus Simple squamous of alveolus Simple squamous of capillary Respiratory membrane Lumen of alveolus (bar = 1um)

  16. Capillary Simple squamous epithelium

  17. Capillary wall is Simple squamous epithelium

  18. Kidney (Glomerulus) Simple squamous epithelium (arrow) lines the glomerulus. Bar = 50um

  19. NEPHRON TUBULE CONTAINS THE GLOMERULUS

  20. Epithelia: Simple Cuboidal • DESCRIPTION • FUNCTIONS • PRESENCE- Figure 4.2b

  21. Beginning of nephron tubule

  22. Longitudinal section of nephron tubules

  23. Cross section of nephron tubules

  24. RESORB FILTER SECRETE 2,000L 180L EXCRETE 1.5L

  25. Epithelia: Simple Columnar DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS PRESENCE Figure 4.2c

  26. Gall BladderSimple columnar epithelium lines the gall bladder. Note the underlying connective tissue with blood vessels. Bar = 100 Microns Gall BladderSimple columnar epithelium lines the gall bladder. Note the underlying connective tissue with blood vessels. Bar = 100 Microns.

  27. Goblet cell

  28. ... with microvilli (brush border)

  29. cilia

  30. ... with cilia

  31. DESCRIPTION FUNCTIONS PRESENCE Figure 4.2d

  32. Trachea The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the trachea is ciliated and has goblet cells. Bar = 50 um

  33. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with cilia and goblet cells

  34. Trachea Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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