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FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 07 Dr. Donald P. Althoff

LEC 07. Families – Part III Monocots w/ Non-Showy Flowers. FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 07 Dr. Donald P. Althoff. Set III – all __________. Grass family Sedge family Rush family Cattail family Arrowhead family Water Nymph family Pondweed family Duckweed family. Grass Family -- Poaceae.

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FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 07 Dr. Donald P. Althoff

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  1. LEC 07 Families – Part III Monocots w/ Non-Showy Flowers FIELD BOTANY – Lecture 07 Dr. Donald P. Althoff

  2. Set III – all __________ • Grass family • Sedge family • Rush family • Cattail family • Arrowhead family • Water Nymph family • Pondweed family • Duckweed family

  3. Grass Family -- Poaceae • Older family designation is Gramineae…which leads to the term _____________ • Graminoids = grasses and sedges and rushes (think narrow blades/leaves) • Most are herbaceous but some woody (think bamboo) • They _____ showy petals and sepals because they are _______________

  4. Grass Family 1 • grass plants maintain 3 defining characteristics from other members of the plant kingdom: petal-less flowers emerge between the bracts on leaf-less stems leaves on grass plants take on a flat form and stretch out long and slender. At the stem, these leaves cling tightly and form a type of sheath. the round stems remain hollow in the center. The nodes, or joints, along the stem also appear swollen. 2 3

  5. Sedge Family • TAXONICALLY: ____________ perennial graminoids (herbs and forbs) • Species include: fox sedge Gray’s sedge lake (hairy) sedge palm (Muskingum) sedge yellownut sedge

  6. Sedge Family stem pattern • _____…usually.Results in __________ stem • Stem is ______ (vs. grass which is hollow) • ___________sheath (vs. grass which is open)

  7. Sedge Family stem pattern • _____ “lumpy nodes” (vs. grasses) • _____ lack edges; example with round stems is Scripussp.… …aka bulrushes..but some panicled bulrush

  8. Sedge Family key then… • Sedges have ______ but grasses have ______ • And look for “_____” stems Squarrose sedge (Carex squarrosa) “squarrosa” is Latin for scruffy ...not 4-sided 

  9. Rush Family • TAXONICALLY: ___________ perennial graminoids (herbs and forbs) • Species include: slender rush flatleaved rush alpine rush poverty rush slimpod rush common rush

  10. Rush Family patterns • _______ stems. • Stem is ____ (vs. grass which is hollow) • Flowers: like ____… __ sepals __ petals __-parted stigma __-chambered ovary __-stamens (usually) top down – cross-section view

  11. Rush Family why lily like? • The __ sepals, __ petals, 6 stamens pattern • The difference, though: rush flowers are ______ and ______

  12. Cattail Family • TAXONICALLY: _____________ perennial herbs and forbs • ____ a graminoid representative ! • Species include: broadleaf cattail (OH) narrow leaf cattail (OH) southern cattail (not OH)

  13. Cattail Family • ____ leaves & “_________________” appearance • Male & female parts _____ flower—they wither after releasing pollen _______ flower—this portion matures into familiar “cattail”

  14. Arrowhead Family • TAXONICALLY: ________________ perennial herbs and forbs • _________ species! • Species include: arrowhead water plantain burhead

  15. Arrowhead Family • __white petals • __green sepals 1 3 1 3 1 1

  16. Arrowhead Family • __ or more simple pistils • ____ or more stamens

  17. Arrowhead Family • Leaves ______________ • Leaves are _____ • Considered a very “__________” monocot

  18. Water Nymph Family • TAXONICALLY: _____________ perennial herbs and forbs • _______ species! __________submerged • Species include: brittle water-nymph water nymph

  19. Water Nymph Family • Male (__________) and female (__________) flowers • Leaves are _____ and ________ • Leaf base: stipules or sheathed

  20. Pondweed Family • TAXONICALLY: _________________ perennial herbs and forbs • _______species species! Fresh & Saltwater spp. • ________ and _________ leaves • Species include: pondweed x eel grass ditch grass

  21. Pondweed Family • ___pistils • __stamens • _________= where sepals and petals indistinguishable 1 4 2 3 eel grass

  22. Duckweed Family • TAXONICALLY: ______________ perennial herbs and forbs • __________ species • Includes world’s smallest flowering plant • Species include: common duckweed greater duckweed bogmat water meal

  23. Duckweed Family • Leaves & flowers “______” • Roots “_____” from floating plant

  24. Duckweed Family • Eaten by many bird and mammal species • Easily “__________” as whole plants

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