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Botany

Cell Functions. Botany. Where cells got their name: cork cells. Figure 7.8 Overview of a plant cell. Plant cell TEM. Cell Parts and Functions. Cell Membrane Protects the cell Lets things in and out of the cell Location: around the cell Nucleus Control center

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Botany

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  1. Cell Functions Botany

  2. Where cells got their name: cork cells

  3. Figure 7.8 Overview of a plant cell

  4. Plant cell TEM

  5. Cell Parts and Functions Cell Membrane Protects the cell Lets things in and out of the cell Location: around the cell Nucleus Control center Location: inside the cell, near the center

  6. Cell Parts and Functions Nucleolus (Nucleoli) Makes ribosomes Location: inside the nucleus (dark spot) Nuclear Membrane Protects nucleus Lets things in/out of nucleus (pores) Location: around nucleus cell

  7. Cell Parts and Functions Mitochondria Makes energy/powerhouse Location: in cytoplasm Golgi Bodies/Apparatus Packages and secretes (gets rid of) waste Location: in cytoplasm

  8. Mitochondria

  9. GOLGI APPARATUS

  10. Cell Parts and Functions Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.) Transports materials and sends messages to all parts of the cell Two types: smooth and rough (has ribosomes) Location: attaches from cell membrane to nuclear membrane Rough E.R.

  11. Cell Parts and Functions Ribosome Makes proteins Location: in cytoplasm or Attached to E.R. Vacuole Stores food and water Location: in cytoplasm

  12. Cell Parts and Functions Cytoplasm Gel-like substances, holds all Organelles in cell Location: in cell Chromatin/Chromosomes Contains genetic information/traits Location: in nucleus

  13. Cell Structures and Functions Chloroplast Traps suns energy and Makes food Location: in plant cells

  14. Cell Wall • Protects and gives rigidity to plant cells • Formed from fibrils of cellulose molecules in a “matrix” of polysaccharides and glycoproteins. • Http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plants/cellwall.html

  15. Cell walls TEM

  16. Cell Structures and Functions Plastids Stores extra food in Plant cells Location: in plant cell

  17. Chloroplast • Site of photosynthesis • Membrane bound structure. • Contains chlorophyll • http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plants/chloroplast.html

  18. Chloroplast Www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/C/Chloroplasts.html

  19. Vacuole = Large membrane-bounded vesicle • may occupy up to 90% of cell volume • surrounded by membrane = tonoplast • Contains solutes dissolved in water • Intracellular digestion • Storage and osmotic regulation • Storage: carbohydrates, organic acids, secondary products such as toxins

  20. Figure 7.15The plant cell vacuole 

  21. Vacuole • Plants have large central vacuoles that store water and nutrients needed by the cell. • Help support the shape of the cell. • Http://micro.magnet.fsu.edu/cells/plants/vacuole.html

  22. Chloroplast Function - Photosynthesis - • contains green pigment chlorophyll • pigments of other colours (red, blue, yellow/brown) • pigments used in photosynthesis to produce sugars (carbohydrates)

  23. Figure 7.18 The chloroplast, site of photosynthesis

  24. Types of Plastids =family of organelles bounded by 2 external membranes • Chloroplasts - photosynthetic; green due to chlorophyll content • Chromoplasts: containing pigments other than chlorophyll (in fruits, leaves, flowers) • Amyloplasts: store starch (colourless)

  25. Why are plant cells important? • Oxygen budget: Animal (human!) Respiration • Biomass:Food chain: Ecology Agriculture: animal and human nutrition • Useful substances: Agriculture Medicine Industry Cell - Tissue - Organisms - Ecosystem

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