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Cells: The Basis of Life

Cells: The Basis of Life. Mevan Siriwardane Mrs. Rolle’s Biology - Barringer High School October 25, 2007. Background. Microscopes Magnifies objects of small size Series of lens refracts a beam of light passing through an object

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Cells: The Basis of Life

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  1. Cells: The Basis of Life Mevan Siriwardane Mrs. Rolle’s Biology - Barringer High School October 25, 2007

  2. Background • Microscopes • Magnifies objects of small size • Series of lens refracts a beam of light passing through an object • Light reflect of the object is focused to the eye to see a larger image

  3. Discovery of a Cell • Earliest Microscopes • Compound light microscope, mid-1600s • Observations led to discoveries • Hooke’s study of cork through microscope (1665) • Leeuwenhoek saw living things in pond water (1674)

  4. Development of the Cell Theory • (Early 1600’s) - Invention of the first microscope • 1665 - Robert Hooke’s observation of cork under compound microscope • 1674 - Anton van Leeuwenhoek discovers tiny living things in pond water • 1838 - Matthias Schleiden states all plants are made of cells • 1839 - Theodor Schwann concludes all animals made up of cells • 1855 - Rudolph Virchow says that all cells come from existing cells

  5. Cell Theory • Observations and conclusions by many scientists led to understanding of the cell • Cell Theory: • 1) All livings things are made of cells • 2) Cells are basic units of structure/function in living things • 3) New cells are produced from existing cells

  6. Modern Microscopes • Types • Light microscope (400-1000X) • Confocal/Fluorescence microscope (500X) • Electron microscope (1000-10000X)

  7. Basics of the Cell • Separated from outside world • Cell membrane • Stores DNA for biological information • DNA stored in nucleus depending of type of cell

  8. Types of Cells • Prokaryotes • Very ancient • Very small and simple • Bacteria • No nucleus • Eukaryotes • Larger and more complex • Organized structures • Contains a nucleus

  9. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes

  10. What is the Nucleus? • Control center • Contains DNA -> Coded set of instructions • Instructions for making molecules like proteins

  11. Cell Structure and Function Nucleus Cytoplasm • Eukaryotic Cell (Animal Cell) • Divided into two parts: nucleus and cytoplasm • Contains many functional “little organs” or organelles 7. Cytoskeleton 8. Smooth ER Mitochondria Vacuole Cytoplasm Lysosome Nucleolus Nucleus Ribosome Vesicle Rough ER Golgi Apparatus

  12. Cell Structure and Function • Eukaryotic Cell (Plant)

  13. Review • http://www.wiley.com/legacy/college/boyer/0470003790/animations/cell_structure/cell_structure.htm

  14. Closure

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