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Marine Invertebrates (Part 2)

Marine Invertebrates (Part 2). Molluscs. Phylum Mollusca Numerous, diverse (200,000 species) Soft body covered by mantle (secretes calcium carbonate shell) Muscular foot – locomotion Some have radula – scraping teeth. http://www.pirx.com/gallery/albums/mollusks/radula.jpg.

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Marine Invertebrates (Part 2)

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  1. Marine Invertebrates (Part 2)

  2. Molluscs • Phylum Mollusca • Numerous, diverse (200,000 species) • Soft body covered by mantle (secretes calcium carbonate shell) • Muscular foot – locomotion • Some have radula – scraping teeth http://www.pirx.com/gallery/albums/mollusks/radula.jpg http://www.jaxshells.org/rad2.jpg

  3. Molluscs • Classes: • Bivalvia (clams, mussels, oysters) • Gastropoda (snails, slugs, pteropods) • Cephalopoda (octopi, squid, cuttlefish) • Polyplacophora (chitons) • Scaphopoda (tusk shells)

  4. Bivalves Anatomy http://www.nationalpark-hamburgisches-wattenmeer.de/1ueber/images/galerie/1-5-3Mya%20arenaria%20-%20Sandklaffmuschel-4x6-300dpi.jpg http://www.manandmollusc.net/lesson_plan_anatomy_files/bivalve_anatomy_lab.html

  5. Bivalves Byssal threads http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Mytilus_with_byssus.jpg/400px-Mytilus_with_byssus.jpg http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Fine_sea_silk_threads.JPG/800px-Fine_sea_silk_threads.JPG

  6. Long Island Bivalves Bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) Hard shell clam / Quahog (Mercenaria mercenaria) Soft shell clam (Mya arenaria) Blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) Razor clam (Ensis directus) Ribbed mussel (Geukensia demissa) Stony Brook Univ.-Flax Pond Digital Library http://www.sportesport.it/images/Biology/Shells/Bivalvia/Mytilidae/mytilusEdulis.jpg http://media-2.web.britannica.com//eb-media/63/12863-004-C2459C57.jpg

  7. Bivalves http://www.lisrc.uconn.edu/lis_uwtour/images/Grass/LIS_0301.jpg

  8. Gastropods Anatomy http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/hughes2001/acct/bmounmanivong/T629043A.gif

  9. Long Island Gastropods Periwinkle (Littorina littorea) Knobbed whelk (Busycon carica) Mud snail (Ilyanassa obsoleta) Slipper shell (Crepidula fornicata) http://academics.smcvt.edu/dfacey/AquaticBiology/Coastal%20Images/Slipper%20Limpet.jpg http://www.geo.hunter.cuny.edu/bight/images/aknobbed.jpg http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/szep/Littorina http://www.duke.edu/~jspippen/mollusca/knobbedwhelkeggs081106-2063obxz.jpg

  10. Long Island Gastropods Atlantic oyster drill (Urosalpinx cinerea) Northern moon snail (Lunatia heros) http://www.jaxshells.org/509j.jpg http://img263.imageshack.us/img263/6879/drillholexi4.jpg http://static.flickr.com/55/143533735_7c7364be45.jpg?v=0 http://4.bp.blogspot.com/_LzKM5z0wSb4/Rv9qstHEkNI/AAAAAAAAAbg/vVpitbx7suI/s400/IMG_1837.JPG

  11. Gastropods http://eebweb.arizona.edu/collections/Fishes/Invertebrate%20Slide%20Photos/Invertebrate%20Photos/Abalone%201.jpg http://chemistry.csudh.edu/faculty/jim/cozaugo4-600/flamingo.jpg

  12. Gastropods – Nudibranchs, Pteropods NOAA

  13. Gastropods and Bivalves Larval development http://score.dnr.sc.gov/ktmlpro10/images/uploads/oysterlifecycle.jpg?0.40941442132799155 http://oceanlink.island.net/abaloneproject/growthanddevelopment/growth%20and%20development.htm http://people.bu.edu/veliger/

  14. Cephalopods Octopus, squid, cuttlefish, nautilus NOAA http://www.narimadiving.com/LargeAssets/ReefInfoLargeAssets/Cuttlefish.jpg

  15. Cephalopods Anatomy http://cas.bellarmine.edu/tietjen/images/Image32.gif http://scienceblogs.com/deepseanews/beak1.jpg

  16. Cephalopods • Body evolved for active predation • Use funnel for jet propulsion http://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2004/loligo_close_350.jpg http://www.squidblog.net/uploads/squid_jet_diagram.gif

  17. Cephalopods • Complex nervous system: • Eyes • Chromatophores http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2164/2063362784_62cb783803.jpg?v=1196017772

  18. Cephalopods • Cuttlefish camouflage • Sees contrast (dark/light), but not colors • Patterns controlled by chromatophore cells http://www.mbl.edu/inside/what/news/features/feature_cuttlefish.html

  19. Cephalopods • Reproduction – • Internal fertilization • Yolk-filled eggs, no larval stage http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/spl/hi/pop_ups/05/sci_nat_enl_1134642780/img/1.jpg http://www.mbari.org/news/homepage/2006/brooding-squid2-350.jpg

  20. Cephalopods • Marine mammals & squid: http://squid.us/wp-content/uploads/archie.jpg http://www.wanghome.net/Pictures/2004/040603_New_York_City/15_museum_of_natural_history_squid_sperm_whale_1024.JPG

  21. Cephalopods • Live giant and colossal squid: Giant (up to 13m/43 ft) Colossal (up to 14m/46 ft)→ http://museumvictoria.com.au/treasures/Images/resources/mn013596_lg.jpg http://www.fish.govt.nz/NR/rdonlyres/836B96BF-12FE-417D-AB49-4B46B2DB8729/0/ColossalSquid.jpg http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/12/images/061222-giant-squid.jpg http://tepapa.files.wordpress.com/2008/04/arm-006.jpg

  22. Cephalopods • Other deep water: http://www.darkroastedblend.com/2009/02/awesome-octopi-cephalopods-from-outer.html http://www.mbari.org/data/info/grimpo.jpg

  23. Cephalopods • Other unusual: http://www.darkroastedblend.com/2009/02/awesome-octopi-cephalopods-from-outer.html

  24. Chitons, Scaphopods http://clade.acnatsci.org/mussel/graphics/about/scaphopod.jpg

  25. Arthropods • Phylum Arthropoda • Numerous, diverse (1 million+ species) • Mostly insects (land, freshwater) • In oceans – mostly crustaceans

  26. Arthropods • Segmented body • Jointed apendages • Hard external skeleton (chitin) • Must molt skeleton to grow • Gills, most marine have blood with hemocyanin (blue)

  27. Arthropods • Subphylum Crustacea • Copepods, amphipods, isopods • Ostracods, barnacles • Krill, shrimp, lobsters, crabs • Subphylum Chelicerata • Horseshoe crabs, spiders • Subphylum Uniramia • Insects, Centipedes

  28. Crustaceans

  29. Small Crustaceans - Copepods http://www.hudsonregional.org/mosquito/images/copepod.jpg http://forum.mikroscopia.com/uploads/post-3-1158151927.jpg http://www.whoi.edu/cms/images/oceanus/2006/7/8_27627.jpg

  30. Small Crustaceans - Amphipods http://www.oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/gallery/livingocean/livingocean.html http://www.newsday.com/media/photo/2004-01/11151650.jpg http://www.beachwatchers.wsu.edu/ezidweb/animals/images/traskorchestia2jh.jpg http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/crustacea/Amphipoda/AAA013a.jpg

  31. Small Crustaceans – Ostracods, Isopods http://www.oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/gallery/livingocean/livingocean.html http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/crustacea/Ostracoda/DSCF0052b.jpg http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/img/environment/bigisopod.jpg

  32. Small Crustaceans - Krill http://images.aad.gov.au/img.py/174a.jpg?width=640&height=480 http://www.mar-eco.no/learning-zone/__data/page/93/Krill3.jpg http://jonbowermaster.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2009/01/kaikoura-krill-520783-sw.jpg

  33. Crustaceans – Barnacles http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/crustacea/Cirripedia/DSC_0761b.jpg http://nathistoc.bio.uci.edu/crustacea/Cirripedia/DSCF0015a.jpg http://www.mbari.org/expeditions/EasterMicroplate/images/Barnacles_640.jpg

  34. Decapods – Shrimp http://www.ucs.louisiana.edu/~rtb6933/shrimp/rima_con.JPG http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/gallery.htm

  35. Decapods – Lobsters Northern lobster (Homarus americanus) http://www.teridanielsbooks.com/States/Hawaii/Hawaii,%20underwater,%20coral,%20reef,%20slipper,%20lobster,.jpg http://www.vifishandwildlife.com/Education/FactSheet/Images/Lobster.jpg http://marlin.bio.umass.edu/biology/kunkel/fish/albatross-iv/al0203/P0005812a.JPG

  36. Decapods – Lobsters Newsday 08/08/10

  37. Decapods – Crabs Fiddler crab (Uca sp.) Mole crab (Emerita talpoida) Blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/gallery.htm http://www.ceh.ac.uk/sections/ed/images/Giantspidercrab.jpg http://www.californiabiota.com/cabiota/pacific_mole_crab.htm

  38. Other Crustaceans Mantis shrimp (Stomatopod) Brine shrimp Artemia (“sea monkeys”) http://www.wfu.edu/biology/faculty/brownera/artemia.jpg http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/arthropoda/crustacea/malacostraca/eumalacostraca/royslist/images/g_falcatus4.jpg

  39. Crustaceans • Egg brooding http://www.dfw.state.or.us/mrp/shellfish/commercial/largeimages/dungeness-with-eggs_ODFW.jpg http://www.divephotoguide.com/img/user_galleries/orig/2999_1222523836.jpg

  40. Crustaceans • Most benthic adults have planktonic larvae http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/gallery.htm http://www.science-in-salamanca.tas.csiro.au/themes/larval/phyllosoma-early.htm

  41. Chelicerates Horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) http://www.jaxshells.org/1124rra.htm

  42. Chelicerates • Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) • Compound causes blood to clot when exposed to bacterial endotoxins • Used to test that drugs and surgical devices are free of contamination • Quart of blue blood worth $15,000, multimillion $$ industry http://www-tc.pbs.org/wnet/wp-content/blogs.dir/3/files/2008/06/590_crash_blood.jpg

  43. Chelicerates Sea spiders (Pycnogonids) http://www.dnr.sc.gov/marine/sertc/gallery.htm http://www.earthlife.net/chelicerata/images/others/pantopoda.jpg http://www.seaslugforum.net/images/030248a.jpg

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