Employee Motivation, Today’s Workforce, and Labor Relations

1. Employee Motivation, Today’s Workforce, and Labor Relations Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

2. Understanding Human Relations • Needs of management • Needs of employees Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

3. What is Motivation? • Corporate culture • Behavior modification Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

4. Management by Objectives • . Setting goals • . Planning action • . Implementing goals • . Reviewing performance Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

5. Frederick W. Taylor • Scientific management • Monetary rewards • Personal productivity Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

6. Maslow’s Hierarchy • Self-actualization • Self-esteem needs • Social needs • Safety needs • Physiological needs Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

7. Working conditions Pay and security Company policies Supervisors Interpersonal relations Achievement Recognition Responsibility Work itself Personal growth Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory Hygiene Factors Motivational Factors Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

8. Irresponsible Lack ambition Dislike work Avoid responsibility Motivated by extrinsic rewards Goal seeking Creative Like work Accept responsibility Motivated by intrinsic rewards McGregor’s Assumptions Theory X Employees Theory Y Employees Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

9. Ouchi’s Theory Z • Employee involvement • Family environment Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

10. Keeping Pace With Today’s Work Force • Demographic challenges • Staffing challenges • Alternative work arrangements Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

11. Immigration The Glass Ceiling Aging Population Sexism Diversity Initiatives Sexual Harassment Demographic Challenges Workforce Diversity Gender Issues Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

12. Staffing Challenges • Skilled-labor shortage • Rightsizing the workforce • Quality of work and life Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

13. Skilled-Labor Shortage • Revised pay systems • Career development programs • Educational programs Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

14. Employee loyalty Employee burnout Job insecurity Technology issues Information overload Rightsizing the Work Force Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

15. Characteristic Then Now Attachment to Employer Long-term Near-term Readiness to Change Jobs Not Interested Not Looking (but will listen) Priorities on the Job The Firm & Its Goals Personal Life & Career Devotion to Employer Goals Follow Orders Buys In (usually) Effort on the Job 100 Percent 110 Percent Personal Motto Always Faithful Seize the Day The Committed Employee: Then and Now Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

16. Quality of Work Life • Job enrichment • Reduces specialization • Expands responsibilities • Job redesign • Restructures work • Coordinates skills and jobs Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

17. Alternative Work Arrangements • Flextime • Telecommuting • Job sharing Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

18. Working With Labor Unions • Wages and benefits • Working conditions • Job security Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

19. Key Union Legislation • Norris-La Guardia Act of 1932 • Wagner Act of 1935 • Taft-Hartley Act of 1947 • Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959 • Plant-Closing Notification Act of 1988 Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

20. How Unions Are Structured • Local • National • International • Federation Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

21. How Unions Organize • Campaign for authorization cards • Hold certification election Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

22. Collective Bargaining Process • . Preparing to meet • . Meeting • . Reaching an agreement • . Voting and ratification • . Signing the agreement Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

23. Resolving an Impasse • Mediation • Arbitration Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

24. When Negotiations Break Down • Labor • Strike • Boycott • Publicity • Management • Strikebreakers • Lockouts • Injunctions Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

25. Declining Union Membership • Unions included 35% of the workforce in the 1950s • Unions include 13.5% of today’s workforce Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

26. The Labor Movement Today • Decline in manufacturing • Rise in service industries • Changes in the workforce • Flat organization structures Excellence in Business, Revised Edition

27. The Labor Movement Today • Traditional causes • Wages • Working conditions • Benefits • New causes • Health care • Child care • Job training Excellence in Business, Revised Edition