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Understanding Political Parties in the U.S.: Functions, Systems, and Party Types

This chapter explores the fundamental role of political parties in the United States, defining a political party as a group seeking to control government through elections. Key functions include nominating candidates, informing supporters, and acting as a bonding agent. The chapter delves into the two-party system, highlighting the historical and traditional basis for the dominance of the Democratic and Republican parties. Additionally, it discusses minor parties, their types, and their importance in shaping public discourse.

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Understanding Political Parties in the U.S.: Functions, Systems, and Party Types

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  1. Chapter 5 Notes

  2. Political Parties Sec. 1 • Political party = a group of persons who seek to control gov. through the winning of elections and the holding of public office. • Major Functions of a Political Party: • 1. Nominate candidates • 2. Inform and activate supporters • 3. Bonding agent (stamp of approval) • 4. Government • 5. Watchdog

  3. Political Parties Sec. 2 • The 2 Party system: • In the US, it is Democrat v. Republican • Occurs because of… • 1. Historical Basis 2. Force of Tradition 3. Electoral System

  4. Political parties Sec. 2 • Why 2 parties, and not 1? • Imagine having only one choice of drinks at school or only 1 choice of ice cream at an ice cream shop? • 2 parties give Americans choices, rather than certain approval or certain condemnation.

  5. Political Parties Sec. 2 • Other parties… • Libertarian Party • Reform Party • Green Party • Socialist Party • Communist Party

  6. Political Parties Sec. 3 • Incumbent = Current officeholder • 4 Major Eras of American Political Parties: • Era of Democrats (1800-1860) • Era of Republicans (1860-1932) • The Return of the Democrats (1932-1968) • New Era (1968-present)

  7. Political Parties Sec. 4 • 4 Types of minor parties: • 1. Ideological parties- those based on a particular set of beliefs (ex. Socialist party) • 2. Single Issue parties- concentrate on only one public policy matter. (ex. Right to life party) • 3. Economic protest parties- parties rooted in economic discontent. (ex. Populists Party of 1890s wanted public ownership of railroads)

  8. Political Parties Sec. 4 • 4. Splinter parties- those that have split from major parties (ex. Bull Moose party from Teddy Roosevelt) • The major role of 3rd parties is to bring issues into the public forum. Without them, some may have never cared about abortion, prohibition, etc. • Some have disliked political parties, because it has diluted an election and one party loses out to another, because they lost their votes to the 3rd party.

  9. Chapter 5 Political Parties Sec. 5

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