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AP World History: The Protestant Reformation

AP World History: The Protestant Reformation . Period Four: 1450 - 1750. I The Church at the start of the Renaissance. The Church sponsored many works of art and architecture during the Renaissance. Needing money, corruption became more common.

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AP World History: The Protestant Reformation

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  1. AP World History: The Protestant Reformation Period Four: 1450 - 1750

  2. I The Church at the start of the Renaissance The Church sponsored many works of art and architecture during the Renaissance. Needing money, corruption became more common. Priests sold indulgences (pardons for sins that guaranteed entry to heaven). In 1517 a German Priest, Johann Tetzel sold indulgences to anyone who gave money to the new Cathedral of St. Peter in Rome. (He promised salvation for you and your dead relatives!) “As soon as the gold in the casket rings; the rescued soul to heaven springs.”[So wie das Geld imKastenklingt; die SeeleausdemFegfeuerspringt] - Johann Tetzel

  3. Cathedral of St. Peter, Rome

  4. Interior of Cathedral of St. Peter

  5. The Church at the start of the Renaissance Continued… D) Martin Luther, a German monk, was outraged. He wrote the 95 Theses, a list of 95 arguments against the Church. He posted the list on the door of Tetzel’s church in Germany. Wittenberg Cathedral, Germany

  6. The Church at the start of the Renaissance Continued… Excerpts from the 95 Theses: • Hence those who preach indulgences are in error when they say that a man is absolved and saved from every penalty by the pope's indulgences. • …It must therefore be the case that the major part of the people are deceived by that indiscriminate and high-sounding promise of relief from penalty. What were his main arguments? Do you agree? Why or why not?

  7. III Martin Luther vs. the Church • Thanks to Gutenberg's printing press, copies of the 95 Theses were printed and spread quickly across Europe. • 1521 Luther was excommunicated from the church, but his followers grew. Recall that excommunication was a banishment from the Church, and your soul from heaven.

  8. Martin Luther vs. the Church Continued… C) How did Luther’s beliefs differ from the Catholic Church?

  9. Martin Luther vs. the Church Continued… Did you ever wonder why the reverend from 7th Heaven was allowed to be married? He was not Catholic!

  10. IV Consequences of the Protestant Reformation • Despite excommunication from Pope Leo X, Luther was able to continue his protest due to protection from his local ruler, Frederick the Wise. • By 1530 Luther’s followers called themselves “Protestants”, meaning they were protesting the Pope. "I would never have thought that such a storm would rise from Rome over one simple scrap of paper...“ - Martin Luther Frederick the Wise

  11. Consequences of the Protestant Reformation Continued… C) When Martin Luther realized that he could not reform the Catholic Church, he broke away from it, creating the Protestant (Lutheran) Church.

  12. Consequences of the Protestant Reformation Continued… D) As the Protestant Reformation spread in Europe, new sects within Protestantism emerged, including Calvinism and Anglicanism.

  13. John Calvin “God preordained, for his own glory and the display of His attributes of mercy and justice, a part of the human race, without any merit of their own, to eternal salvation, and another part, in just punishment of their sin, to eternal damnation.” - John Calvin

  14. Henry VIII

  15. His first wife, Catherine of Argon They had a daughter, Mary. Catherine was forcibly separated from her.

  16. Who he left for Anne Boleyn They had a child, Elizabeth. Henry later had Anne executed for adultury.

  17. Do Not Confuse These Two Men! Martin Luther, 16th Century Martin Luther King Jr., 20th Century

  18. V Martin Luther on the Jews:Excerpts from On the Jews and Their Lies …Therefore be on your guard against the Jews, knowing that wherever they have their synagogues, nothing is found but a den of devils in which sheer self­ glory, conceit, lies, blasphemy, and defaming of God and men are practiced… Moreover, they are nothing but thieves and robbers who daily eat no morsel and wear no thread of clothing which they have not stolen and pilfered from us by means of their accursed usury…. However, they have not acquired a perfect mastery of the art of lying; they lie so clumsily and ineptly that anyone who is just a little observant can easily detect it. But for us Christians they stand as a terrifying example of God's wrath…Perhaps we can spare a few of them from the fire and flames…

  19. Focus Questions • How did the Renaissance lead to the Protestant Reformation? • Do you agree more with Martin Luther or the Catholic Church? Why? • Did the Protestant Reformation reflect the ideals of humanism? • Do you think that Calvinism and Anglicanism reflected the ideals of the Reformation? 3. Why do you think that Martin Luther felt this way about Jews? Should it change his place in history? Explain.

  20. Key Vocabulary • Renaissance • Protestant Reformation • Indulgences • Tetzel • Cathedral of St. Peter • Martin Luther • 95 Theses • Pope Leo X • Frederick the Wise • Lutheranism • Calvinism • Anglicanism • John Calvin • King Henry VIII • Predestination • Salvation

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